MERGE HAS THE PROPERTY OF RECURSION, A GENERATIVE SYNTAX UNIT, HAYELY
Rotational symmetry & Paley graph.
Glossematics is a structuralist linguistic theory proposed by Louis Hjelmslev, the theory, most notably, is an early mathematical methodology for the analysis of language which was subsequently incorporated into the analytical foundation of current models of functional—structural grammar such as Danish Functional Grammar, Functional Discourse Grammar and Systemic Functional Linguistics. Hjelmslev’s theory likewise remains fundamental for modern semiotics.In linguistics and related fields, pragmatics is the study of how context contributes to meaning.
Cognitive semantics holds that language is part of a more general human cognitive ability, and can therefore only describe the world as people conceive of it. Natural sciences that are and were concerned with the description, understanding and prediction of natural phenomena, based on empirical evidence from observation and experimentation best describe tthe world as people conceive of it.
Cognitive semantics holds that language is part of a more general human cognitive ability, and can therefore only describe the world as people conceive of it. Natural sciences that are and were concerned with the description, understanding and prediction of natural phenomena, based on empirical evidence from observation and experimentation best describe tthe world as people conceive of it.
Semantics is the study of linguistic meaning and Phenomenolexy a word I have coined to describe the semantic study (within the general field of cognitive linguistics and cognitive semantics) the idea that phenomena as people conceive of it. The main tenets of cognitive semantics are: A) That grammar manifests a conception of the world held in a culture; B) That knowledge of language is acquired and contextual; C) That the ability to use language draws upon general cognitive resources and not a special language module.
Lexicology is the branch of linguistics that analyzes the lexicon of a specific language. A word is the smallest meaningful unit of a language that can stand on its own, and is made up of small components called morphemes and even smaller elements known as phonemes, or distinguishing sounds. Lexicology examines every feature of a word – including formation, spelling, origin, usage, and definition.
The original Greek term παράδειγμα (paradeigma) was used by scribes in Greek texts (such as Plato's dialogues Timaeus (c. 360 BCE) and Parmenides) as one possibility for the model or the pattern that the demiurge supposedly used to create the cosmos.
The phonology of the Proto-Indo-European language (PIE) has been reconstructed by linguists, based on the similarities and differences among current and extinct Indo-European languages. Because PIE was not written, linguists must rely on the evidence of its earliest attested descendants, such as Armenian, Hittite, Sanskrit, Ancient Greek, and Latin, to reconstruct its phonology.
The reconstruction of abstract units of PIE phonological systems (i.e. segments, or phonemes in traditional phonology) is mostly uncontroversial, although areas of dispute remain. Their phonetic interpretation is harder to establish; this pertains especially to the vowels, the so-called laryngeals, the palatal and plain velars and the voiced and voiced aspirated stops.
The phonemes *h₁, *h₂, *h₃ (or *ə₁, *ə₂, *ə₃ and /ə/), marked with cover symbol H, stand for three "laryngeal" phonemes. The phonetic values of the laryngeal phonemes are still in dispute, of the various suggestions for their exact phonetic value that have been made, I would agree with Meier-Brügger who writes that "realizations of *h₁ = [h], *h₂ = [χ] and *h₃ = [ɣ] or [ɣʷ] "are in all probability accurate".The schwa indogermanicum symbol *ə is sometimes used for a laryngeal between consonants, in a "syllabic" position.
It is generally accepted that PIE did not allow vowels word-initially; the vowel-initial words in earlier reconstructions are now usually reconstructed as beginning with one of the three laryngeals; they disappeared in all daughter languages except Hittite before a vowel (after coloring it, if possible).
Ancient Greek reflects the original PIE vowel system most faithfully, with few changes to PIE vowels in any syllable; but its loss of certain consonants, especially *s, *w and *y, often triggered a compensatory lengthening or contraction of vowels in hiatus, which can complicate reconstruction. Sanskrit and Avestan merge *e, *a and *o into a single vowel *a (with a corresponding merger in the long vowels) but reflect PIE length differences (especially from the ablaut) even more faithfully than Greek, and they do not have the same issues with consonant loss as Greek. Germanic languages show a merger of long and short *a and *o as well as the merger of *e and *i in non-initial syllables, but (especially in the case of Gothic) they are still important for reconstructing PIE vowels. Balto-Slavic languages have a similar merger of short *a and *o, and Slavic languages a merger of long *ā and *ō.
Finally I point out that in contrast to typical words and sentences, the function of most interjections is related to an expression of feeling, as well as representing some idea or concept. Generally, interjections can be classified into three types of meaning of feeling: volitive, emotive, or cognitive.
In phonology, hiatus, diaeresis, describes the occurrence of two separate vowel sounds in adjacent syllables with no intervening consonant. When two vowel sounds instead occur together as part of a single syllable, the result is called a diphthong. Some languages do not have diphthongs, except sometimes in rapid speech, or they have a limited number of diphthongs but also numerous vowel sequences that cannot form diphthongs and so appear in hiatus. In English it is common in loanwords such as naïve and Noël and most often in proper names like Zoë and Chloë.
A diphthong from Ancient Greek δίφθογγος (díphthongos) 'two sounds', from δίς (dís) 'twice', and φθόγγος (phthóngos) 'sound'), also known as a gliding vowel, is a combination of two adjacent vowel sounds within the same syllable as in *a*i. Technically, a diphthong is a vowel with two different targets: that is, the tongue (and/or other parts of the speech apparatus) moves during the pronunciation of the vowel. In most varieties of English, the phrase "no highway cowboy" (/noʊ ˈhaɪweɪ ˈkaʊbɔɪ/) has five distinct diphthongs, one in every syllable. To get a better grasp of the difference yet similarity of the two, one can say where two adjacent vowel sounds occur in different syllables (e.g. in the English word re-elect) the result is described as hiatus, not as a diphthong. Hiatus in linguistics)is a syllable break between two vowels and in anatomy an opening in an organ). So it is fair to assume that the word is as ancient a conceptoal metaphore as they come.
In linguistics, Ferdinand de Saussure (1857-1913) used paradigm to refer to a class of elements with similarities.
LAKOFF. familiar linguistic metaphors are but surface manifestations of underlying conceptual relationships.Lakoff & Johnson (2003) define metaphors as “understanding and experiencing one kind of thing in terms of another” (p. 5). They also explain that “every experience takes place within a vast background of cultural presuppositions”
The phonology of the Proto-Indo-European language (PIE) has been reconstructed by linguists, based on the similarities and differences among current and extinct Indo-European languages. Because PIE was not written, linguists must rely on the evidence of its earliest attested descendants, such as Armenian, Hittite, Sanskrit, Ancient Greek, and Latin, to reconstruct its phonology.
The reconstruction of abstract units of PIE phonological systems (i.e. segments, or phonemes in traditional phonology) is mostly uncontroversial, although areas of dispute remain. Their phonetic interpretation is harder to establish; this pertains especially to the vowels, the so-called laryngeals, the palatal and plain velars and the voiced and voiced aspirated stops.
The phonemes *h₁, *h₂, *h₃ (or *ə₁, *ə₂, *ə₃ and /ə/), marked with cover symbol H, stand for three "laryngeal" phonemes. The phonetic values of the laryngeal phonemes are still in dispute, of the various suggestions for their exact phonetic value that have been made, I would agree with Meier-Brügger who writes that "realizations of *h₁ = [h], *h₂ = [χ] and *h₃ = [ɣ] or [ɣʷ] "are in all probability accurate".The schwa indogermanicum symbol *ə is sometimes used for a laryngeal between consonants, in a "syllabic" position.
It is generally accepted that PIE did not allow vowels word-initially; the vowel-initial words in earlier reconstructions are now usually reconstructed as beginning with one of the three laryngeals; they disappeared in all daughter languages except Hittite before a vowel (after coloring it, if possible).
Ancient Greek reflects the original PIE vowel system most faithfully, with few changes to PIE vowels in any syllable; but its loss of certain consonants, especially *s, *w and *y, often triggered a compensatory lengthening or contraction of vowels in hiatus, which can complicate reconstruction. Sanskrit and Avestan merge *e, *a and *o into a single vowel *a (with a corresponding merger in the long vowels) but reflect PIE length differences (especially from the ablaut) even more faithfully than Greek, and they do not have the same issues with consonant loss as Greek. Germanic languages show a merger of long and short *a and *o as well as the merger of *e and *i in non-initial syllables, but (especially in the case of Gothic) they are still important for reconstructing PIE vowels. Balto-Slavic languages have a similar merger of short *a and *o, and Slavic languages a merger of long *ā and *ō.
It is assumed that Albanian and Armenian are the least useful, in reflecting the original PIE vowel system most faithfully, as they are attested relatively late and have borrowed heavily from other Indo-European languages, and have complex and poorly understood vowel changes. Yes I agree complex they might be, poorly understood yes, but I cant agree to the reason given that it is because they are relatively late and borrowed heavily from Indo-European languages,(for the statement that cant be constructively, empirically backed up) in fact the reality could be the exact opposite.
Since the reconstruction of abstract units of PIE phonological systems (i.e. segments, or phonemes in traditional phonology) has areas of dispute that remain to this day where phonetic interpretation is hard to establish which pertain especially to the vowels, the laryngeals and the palatal and plain velars and the unvoiced and voiced aspirated stops. Let us, in the form of a query, look into the relatively ancient Armenian words Hay, Hayk and Hayr ( which can be as easily be spelt Hai, Haik and Hair). Hay is the endonym used by an Armenian and the group, Armenians as a whole to refer to themselves and their language, as opposed to a name given to them by other groups which is Armenian/s. Hayk (Armenian: Հայկ, Armenian pronunciation: haik), is the legendary patriarch and founder of the Hay/Armenian nation. Hayr is the Armenian word for father, mayr and hayr are the formal words for "mother" and "father'.
The name of the patriarch, Hayk (Հայկ), is not exactly homophonous with the Armenian name for "Armenia," Haykʻ (Հայք). In Classical Armenian, Haykʻ is the nominative plural of hay (հայ), the Armenian word for "Armenian. Scholars consider the connection between Hayk and Hayg to be obvious and even though it is not exactly homophonous it ithey derive Hayk from hay/Haykʻ via the suffix -ik. The Armenian word հaykakan (Armenian: հայկական, "that which pertains to Armenians") also derives from the name Hayk. As for the chronology of the name Hayk we have the 18th- and 19th-century scholars Ghevont Alishan and Mikayel Chamchian, using different methods, who calculated the date of the mythical battle (known as the Dyuts as "Battle of the Giants") which was between Hayk and Bel to have taken place on August 11, 2492 BCE or 2107 BCE, respectively.*a*i in Armenian -այ, is an final syllable, or ա՛յ is an interjection. An interjection in English is a word or expression that occurs as an utterance on its own and expresses a spontaneous feeling or reaction. It is a diverse category, encompassing many different parts of speech and the best example I can offer here is the word Yeah [jæ] ("Yes") which ends with the vowel [æ], or in some dialects the short vowel [ɛ] or tensed [ɛə], none of which are found at the end of any regular English words. Interjections can take very different forms and meanings across languages and cultures. Across languages, interjections often use special sounds and syllable types that may or may not be used in other parts of the vocabulary. Finally I point out that in contrast to typical words and sentences, the function of most interjections is related to an expression of feeling, as well as representing some idea or concept. Generally, interjections can be classified into three types of meaning of feeling: volitive, emotive, or cognitive.
In phonology, hiatus, diaeresis, describes the occurrence of two separate vowel sounds in adjacent syllables with no intervening consonant. When two vowel sounds instead occur together as part of a single syllable, the result is called a diphthong. Some languages do not have diphthongs, except sometimes in rapid speech, or they have a limited number of diphthongs but also numerous vowel sequences that cannot form diphthongs and so appear in hiatus. In English it is common in loanwords such as naïve and Noël and most often in proper names like Zoë and Chloë.
A diphthong from Ancient Greek δίφθογγος (díphthongos) 'two sounds', from δίς (dís) 'twice', and φθόγγος (phthóngos) 'sound'), also known as a gliding vowel, is a combination of two adjacent vowel sounds within the same syllable as in *a*i. Technically, a diphthong is a vowel with two different targets: that is, the tongue (and/or other parts of the speech apparatus) moves during the pronunciation of the vowel. In most varieties of English, the phrase "no highway cowboy" (/noʊ ˈhaɪweɪ ˈkaʊbɔɪ/) has five distinct diphthongs, one in every syllable. To get a better grasp of the difference yet similarity of the two, one can say where two adjacent vowel sounds occur in different syllables (e.g. in the English word re-elect) the result is described as hiatus, not as a diphthong. Hiatus in linguistics)is a syllable break between two vowels and in anatomy an opening in an organ). So it is fair to assume that the word is as ancient a conceptoal metaphore as they come.
The English word hiatus (/ˌhaɪˈeɪtəs/) is itself a perfect example of both a hiatus and a diphthongs. The word is borrowed from Latin hiātus (“opening”) which is from hiō meaning (“stand open, yawn”), also an interruption, a break or a pause.
The root meaning of hio/hai/hia pronounced 'high' lends itself to or rather leads me to a possible origin where the 'conceptualization model' designed to generate words and give metaphoric meaning had the recursive property of Merge. Designed for the purpose to generate compound words where two syntactic objects, vowels, consonants are combined to form a new syntactic unit (a set). I believe that the original 'conceptualization model' where the phonemes were positioned was cyclical in nature and it was analogous to the cycle of life. The wheel of life as a mind tool. The cycle of life of nature (from birth to death to rebirth). Within this model we recall the ancient calendars and can easily accept the natural position of of the vowels, where *a is placed as the birth vowel, the first, the beginning of the sun cycle, the day after the winter solstice when the sun is said to stand still. Moving on, as life does always flowing, we naturally place the vowel *o at the spring equinox, the *u vowel at the summer solstice and the *e vowel at the autumn equinox, after which we naturally end where we started the cycle we place the vowel *i which is in pitch phonetically speaking is the shrill that signifies death, the last, the end. This the poet once long ago termed the journey from womb to tomb. Here at the threshold is what I believe to be the most important gap, a gap in-between the vowels *A and *I, also referred to as the opening, a break where the mind recognises a pause, this is where in time and space where/when it is said the sun stands still. Here I remind the reader that because PIE was not originally a written language, linguists must rely on the evidence of its earliest attested descendants, such as Armenian which again was not written, as well as Hittite, Sanskrit, Ancient Greek, and Latin, to first reconstruct its phonology but more importantly its conceptualization model that have created conceptual cognitive metaphors.
Since scholars have admitted phonetic interpretation has been very hard to establish when it pertains especially to the vowels and laryngeals, then I suggest they look hard at Armenian for like Greek it reflects the original PIE vowel system most faithfully. Let me prove my point by taking up the oldest word in the Armenian language, the word I speak of is today spelt 'HAY' in the English language. This word/noun to be true to its sound should be spelt 'HIGH'. It can be said to be a phonetic glide and best represented in PIE as *H*A*I, with its exact phonetic value of *h₁ = [h], and*a*i as in the English word hiatus (/ˌhaɪˈeɪtəs/) is itself an example of both hiatus and diphthongs which is borrowed from Latin hiātus meaning (“opening”) from hiō (“stand open, yawn”).
/ɑj/ — ⟨այ⟩ can occur at the end of a word like հայ, only for monosyllabic words like հայ
which is the noun meaning Armenian. հայ, is also an interjection, an adverb, which can mean now, let us see, see here or behold. It is written ⟨այ⟩. For example, Հայքa noun, the name of the progenitor of the հայ. [ɑjˈɡi] ("field") is written այգի, [mɑjɾ and hayr] ("mother and father") are written մայր and հայր. Soft p [pʰɑj] traslates to ("verb") and is written բայ. Only in a polysyllabic word ending in ⟨այ⟩ is pronounced /ɑ/, where the ⟨յ⟩ becoming silent.
Diphthongs are said to form when separate vowels are run together in rapid speech during a conversation. However, there are also unitary diphthongs, as in the English examples above, which are heard by listeners as single-vowel sounds (phonemes).
Armenian has nine diphthongs: /jɑ/, /jɛ/, /ji/, /jɔ/, /ju/, /ɑj/, /ej/, /ij/, /uj/./ɑj/ — ⟨այ⟩ can occur at the end of a word like հայ, only for monosyllabic words like հայ
which is the noun meaning Armenian. հայ, is also an interjection, an adverb, which can mean now, let us see, see here or behold. It is written ⟨այ⟩. For example, Հայքa noun, the name of the progenitor of the հայ. [ɑjˈɡi] ("field") is written այգի, [mɑjɾ and hayr] ("mother and father") are written մայր and հայր. Soft p [pʰɑj] traslates to ("verb") and is written բայ. Only in a polysyllabic word ending in ⟨այ⟩ is pronounced /ɑ/, where the ⟨յ⟩ becoming silent.
This is what I offer as the best description for the word Hay of Armenian. An aspirate H and a diphthong of the vowels A and I that glide into a unitary phoneme?
A Merge (usually capitalized) is one of the basic operations in the Minimalist Program, a leading approach to generative syntax, when two syntactic objects are combined to form a new syntactic unit (a set). Merge also has the property of recursion in that it may apply to its own output: the objects combined by Merge are either lexical items or sets that were themselves formed by Merge. This recursive property of Merge has been claimed to be a fundamental characteristic that distinguishes language from other cognitive faculties. As Noam Chomsky (1999) puts it, Merge is "an indispensable operation of a recursive system ... which takes two syntactic objects A and B and forms the new object G={A,B}"
A Consonant cluster like *b*r, could be described as a phonetic merge and suggest the phenomenon in which two different base/root phonemes merge and become replaced by a single phoneme as in a consonant cluster when a pair or a group of phonemes merge, into a compound, we have in effect a designed word, a conceptual cognitive metaphor which has taken two syntactic objects, say B and R and formed the new object like {B,R} = Cycle as in A,Z OR Alfa Omega. A conjunction between two elements
Vowel clusters occur in words with adjoining vowels. These vowel combinations are associated with specific sounds. For example, the "ee" spelling denotes a long "e" sound, as in "queen." When the two vowels work together to make a single sound, as in queen, this is often called a vowel digraph.
There are two basic glides/semivowels: palatal, high unrounded: "y" as in yes and in boy. labial, high rounded: "w" as in win and cow.
How is a word structured?
Morphology is the study of the structure and form of words in language or a language, including inflection, derivation, and the formation of compounds. At the basic level, words are made of "morphemes." These are the smallest units of meaning: roots and affixes (prefixes and suffixes).Technically, a word is a unit of language that carries meaning and consists of one or more morphemes which are linked more or less tightly together, and has a phonetic value. Typically a word will consist of a root or stem and zero or more affixes. Wrd structure is also known as morphology. Morphology is the way in which words are formed through smaller units called morphemes. When something is structured, it's arranged according to a specific plan.The order of the alphabet has never made any sense. All we know is that the people who invented the first alphabet put the letters in a certain order. When they passed those letters on to other people, and those people passed the letters on to us, we kept the letters in that order. Dating back to at least 3500 BC, the oldest proof of written Sumerian was found in today's Iraq, on an artifact known as the Kish Tablet. Thus, given this evidence, Sumerian can also be considered the first language in the world. Scientists at the University of Reading have discovered that 'I', 'we', 'who' and the numbers '1', '2' and '3' are amongst the oldest words, not only in English, but across all Indo-European languages. Most religious scholars and historians agree with Pope Francis that the historical Jesus principally spoke a Galilean dialect of Aramaic. Through trade, invasions and conquest, the Aramaic language had spread far afield by the 7th century B.C., and would become the lingua franca in much of the Middle East. Sanskrit is the Holy and Divine language of India, written in Devanagari script which is also known for its clarity and beauty. Sanskrit belongs to the Indo-European languages family.Common first words may be greetings ("hi" or "bye-bye") a word must have a shared meaning (that is, it must communicate a widely agreed-upon meaning from one person to the next). Types of word forming are by inflection, suppletion, derivation, cliticization, and compounding.The shortest word is a. Some might wonder about the word I since it consists of one letter, too. In sound, a is shorter because it is a monophthong (consists of one vowel), while I is a diphthong. Both do consist of one letter in the English writing system, and in most fonts I is the narrowest letter.Knowing the etymology of words gives you a great advantage in figuring out their most effective use. Understanding the original meaning of a word as well as how it's been used in both the past and present can increase your comprehension of its nuances and connotation. The Divine language, is the language that first names the gods, it is of the gods, for the or, in monotheism, the language of God (or angels) is the concept of a mystical or divine proto-language.
I bring up the word glosseme for it is said to be the most basic unit or component of language. It is defined as the smallest irreducible unit of both the content and expression planes of language. In the expression plane, the glosseme is nearly identical to the phoneme. In the content plane, it is the smallest unit of meaning which underlies a concept. A ewe, for example, consists of the taxemes sheep and female which may eventually be divided into even smaller units – glossemes – of meaning like the word/noun Hay. The analysis is gradually expanded to the study of functions, more commonly known as dependencies, between elements on the level of discourse (which is called process), and between meaning and form in the linguistic system.
A Merge (usually capitalized) is one of the basic operations in the Minimalist Program, a leading approach to generative syntax, when two syntactic objects are combined to form a new syntactic unit (a set). Merge also has the property of recursion in that it may apply to its own output: the objects combined by Merge are either lexical items or sets that were themselves formed by Merge. This recursive property of Merge has been claimed to be a fundamental characteristic that distinguishes language from other cognitive faculties. As Noam Chomsky (1999) puts it, Merge is "an indispensable operation of a recursive system ... which takes two syntactic objects A and B and forms the new object G={A,B}"
A Consonant cluster like *b*r, could be described as a phonetic merge and suggest the phenomenon in which two different base/root phonemes merge and become replaced by a single phoneme as in a consonant cluster when a pair or a group of phonemes merge, into a compound, we have in effect a designed word, a conceptual cognitive metaphor which has taken two syntactic objects, say B and R and formed the new object like {B,R} = Cycle as in A,Z OR Alfa Omega. A conjunction between two elements
Vowel clusters occur in words with adjoining vowels. These vowel combinations are associated with specific sounds. For example, the "ee" spelling denotes a long "e" sound, as in "queen." When the two vowels work together to make a single sound, as in queen, this is often called a vowel digraph.
There are two basic glides/semivowels: palatal, high unrounded: "y" as in yes and in boy. labial, high rounded: "w" as in win and cow.
How is a word structured?
Morphology is the study of the structure and form of words in language or a language, including inflection, derivation, and the formation of compounds. At the basic level, words are made of "morphemes." These are the smallest units of meaning: roots and affixes (prefixes and suffixes).Technically, a word is a unit of language that carries meaning and consists of one or more morphemes which are linked more or less tightly together, and has a phonetic value. Typically a word will consist of a root or stem and zero or more affixes. Wrd structure is also known as morphology. Morphology is the way in which words are formed through smaller units called morphemes. When something is structured, it's arranged according to a specific plan.The order of the alphabet has never made any sense. All we know is that the people who invented the first alphabet put the letters in a certain order. When they passed those letters on to other people, and those people passed the letters on to us, we kept the letters in that order. Dating back to at least 3500 BC, the oldest proof of written Sumerian was found in today's Iraq, on an artifact known as the Kish Tablet. Thus, given this evidence, Sumerian can also be considered the first language in the world. Scientists at the University of Reading have discovered that 'I', 'we', 'who' and the numbers '1', '2' and '3' are amongst the oldest words, not only in English, but across all Indo-European languages. Most religious scholars and historians agree with Pope Francis that the historical Jesus principally spoke a Galilean dialect of Aramaic. Through trade, invasions and conquest, the Aramaic language had spread far afield by the 7th century B.C., and would become the lingua franca in much of the Middle East. Sanskrit is the Holy and Divine language of India, written in Devanagari script which is also known for its clarity and beauty. Sanskrit belongs to the Indo-European languages family.Common first words may be greetings ("hi" or "bye-bye") a word must have a shared meaning (that is, it must communicate a widely agreed-upon meaning from one person to the next). Types of word forming are by inflection, suppletion, derivation, cliticization, and compounding.The shortest word is a. Some might wonder about the word I since it consists of one letter, too. In sound, a is shorter because it is a monophthong (consists of one vowel), while I is a diphthong. Both do consist of one letter in the English writing system, and in most fonts I is the narrowest letter.Knowing the etymology of words gives you a great advantage in figuring out their most effective use. Understanding the original meaning of a word as well as how it's been used in both the past and present can increase your comprehension of its nuances and connotation. The Divine language, is the language that first names the gods, it is of the gods, for the or, in monotheism, the language of God (or angels) is the concept of a mystical or divine proto-language.
'The perfect man', said Chuang-tzu, 'employs his mind as a mirror'.
Hayelly in Armenian հայելի, is a name for a mirror, which is the best surfaces for reflecting light and with it 'reality.' However the outer world is said to be a mirror reflection of inner reality.A primary law of our universe is that it is thought the mind that defines or creates reality. Thus reality exists as a mirror. Thoughts the mind creates its own reality.
The mirror and the mind implies a separation between the mirror and the mind when what is reflected in the mirror, is nothing more or less than what is perceived by the mind. To avoid confusion, we can replace the word ‘mirror’ with ‘mind’.
Logical and Spiritual REFLECTIONS Hay=Behold the Christ: Getting to Know the Heart and Mind of Jesus Christ from Psalm 119
“In the Chinese metaphysical tradition this is termed wu-hsin or 'idealness', signifying a state of consciousness in which one simply accepts experiences as they come without interfering with them on the one hand or identifying oneself with them on the other. One does not judge them, form theories about them, try to control them, or attempt to change their nature in any way; one lets them be free to be just exactly what they are. 'The perfect man', said Chuang-tzu, 'employs his mind as a mirror; it grasps nothing, it refuses nothing, it receives but does not keep.”
From The Supreme Identity by Alan Watts
Determiners.
Pronouns.
Auxiliaries.
Conjunctions.
Qualifiers.
Interrogatives.
Prepositions.
Expletives.
“In the Chinese metaphysical tradition this is termed wu-hsin or 'idealness', signifying a state of consciousness in which one simply accepts experiences as they come without interfering with them on the one hand or identifying oneself with them on the other. One does not judge them, form theories about them, try to control them, or attempt to change their nature in any way; one lets them be free to be just exactly what they are. 'The perfect man', said Chuang-tzu, 'employs his mind as a mirror; it grasps nothing, it refuses nothing, it receives but does not keep.”
From The Supreme Identity by Alan Watts
Determiners.
Pronouns.
Auxiliaries.
Conjunctions.
Qualifiers.
Interrogatives.
Prepositions.
Expletives.
Comments