MELANCHOLY SOLEMNITY AND THE BLACK HEED PEOPLE

The Mesopotamians were not clear about what happened in the after-life except that a ferry man transported the deceased from the grave to an Underworld, a view that persisted until Greco-Roman times. Many Mesopotamian myths depict humans searching for eternal life. In one myth a shepherd tried to reach heaven with an eagle. In another a king married a goddess. But in the end both failed to reach heaven and they joined every other dead person in the Underworld, which was known as "Land of No Return” or the "House of Shades."
Proper burials and care of the dead was important to the Mesopotamians, who believed that if the dead were not well taken care of they might come back and haunt their living relatives. The dead who were not given proper burials were believed to be unable to rest in peace in the Underworld and this who were not given regular food offerings went hungry. Only the lowest of the low were denied funerals.

The concept of higher consciousness has ancient Sumerian roots. In the words of Dawn DeVries, is "the part of the human mind that is capable of transcending animal instincts".
Higher self is a term associated with multiple belief systems, but its basic premise describes an eternal, omnipotent, conscious, and intelligent being, who is one's real self. 

Blavatsky formally defined the higher self as "Atma the inseparable ray of the Universe and one self.

Kramer writes, there was something in the Sumerian identity that drove them to dream big and think ingeniously. “Spiritually and psychologically, they laid great stress on ambition and success, preeminence and prestige, honor and recognition,”

Their voyage of discovery, which we can tap into by exploring their literature, psychological and spiritual meaning of ancient Sumerian literature and the insight it offers of the inner work of self-development required of their authors.
Did the Sumerians invented the idea of 'higher consciousness' for they invented everything else. Like the 7 day week and named the days for us, after the 5 (visible to the naked eye) planets, plus the Sun and Moon. Our base-60 numeric system,  which divides the sky into 360 degrees and the 12 constellations of the Zodiac where each constellation occupies 30 degrees, and where the plane of the ecliptic intersects the equator the place of the vernal and autumn equinoxes. They also invented the 24 hour day, which began at sundown. They divided it into 12 hours of sunlight and 12 hours of night, regardless of the season. In short, the Sumerians invented modern life. 

Gerald Edelman, in his 'Theory of Consciousness', distinguishes higher consciousness, or "secondary consciousness" from "primary consciousness", defined as simple awareness that includes perception and emotion. Higher consciousness in contrast, "involves the ability to be conscious of being conscious", and "allows the recognition by a thinking subject of his or her own acts and affections". Higher consciousness requires, at a minimal level semantic ability, and "in its most developed form, requires linguistic ability, or the mastery of a whole system of symbols and a grammar". They began to combine pictographs to express ideas and actions,then the pictographs evolved into symbols that stood for sounds syllabic with which they found the freedom to name all 'things' in the universe and establish a new word order, lifting themselves out of the chaotic natural animal kingdom.

The Sumerians themselves referred to their region simply as “the land” or “the land of the black-headed people”.

The Sumerians were responsible for many of the most important innovations, inventions, and concepts taken for granted in the present day. They essentially “invented” time by dividing day and night into 12-hour periods, hours into 60 minutes, and minutes into 60 seconds. Their other innovations and inventions include the first schools, the earliest version of the tale of the Great Flood and other biblical narratives, the oldest heroic epic, governmental bureaucracy, monumental architecture, and irrigation techniques.

After the rise of the Amorites in Mesopotamia, and the invasion of the Elamites, Sumer ceased to exist and was only known through references in the works of ancient writers, including the scribes who wrote the biblical Book of Genesis. Sumer remained unknown until the mid-19th century CE when excavations in Mesopotamia unearthed their civilization and brought their many contributions to light.The Sumerian cities were periodically united under a single king, as in the case of Enembaragesi of Kish who led Sumer against Elam in the first recorded war in history c. 2700 BCE. The Sumerians were victorious and sacked the cities of Elam.The Sumerian cities were periodically united under a single king, as in the case of Enembaragesi of Kish who led Sumer against Elam in the first recorded war in history c. 2700 BCE. The Sumerians were victorious and sacked the cities of Elam.Scholar Samuel Noah Kramer, in his iconic work History Begins at Sumer, explores 39 “firsts” in the world which originated with the Sumerians:

1. The First Schools
2. The First Case of 'Apple Polishing'
3. The First Case of Juvenile Delinquency
4. The First 'War of Nerves'
5. The First Bicameral Congress
6. The First Historian
7. The First Case of Tax Reduction
8. The First 'Moses'
9. The First Legal Precedent
10. The First Pharmacopoeia
11. The First 'Farmer's Almanac'
12. The First Experiment in Shade-Tree Gardening
13. Man's First Cosmogony and Cosmology
14. The First Moral Ideals
15. The First 'Job'
16. The First Proverbs and Sayings
17. The First Animal Fables
18. The First Literary Debates
19. The First Biblical Parallels
20. The First 'Noah'
21. The First Tale of Resurrection
22. The First 'St. George'
23. The First Case of Literary Borrowing
24. Man's First Heroic Age
25. The First Love Song
26. The First Library Catalogue
27. Man's First Golden Age
28. The First 'Sick' Society
29. The First Liturgic Laments
30. The First Messiahs
31. The First Long-Distance Champion
32. The First Literary Imagery
33. The First Sex Symbolism
34. The First Mater Dolorosa
35. The First Lullaby
36. The First Literary Portrait
37. The First Elegies
38. Labor's First Victory
39. The First Aquarium

The Sumerians also invented the concept of the city and one of the claimants to the title of “oldest city in the world” is the Sumerian Uruk. The earliest cities established in Sumer were:Eridu
Uruk
Ur
Larsa
Isin
Adab
Kullah
Nippur
Kish

The heart of the city was the temple complex, marked by the great ziggurats which would inspire the later tale of the Tower of Babel. Each city had its own protective deity who lived in the temple, protecting and guiding the citizens but, for the Sumerians, the city of Eridu – and its god Enki – held a special place as the first city. The Sumerians themselves believed the first city in the world was Eridu, presided over by their god of wisdom and water, Enki, who raised it from the watery marshes and established the concept of kingship and order in the land. The establishment of Eridu by Enki was seen as a kind of golden age comparable to the biblical Garden of Eden as the home of the gods and birthplace of the rules governing civilization.Religion was fully integrated into people's lives and informed the government and the social structure. The Sumerians believed that the gods had formed order out of chaos and the individual's role in life was to labor as a co-worker with the gods to make sure chaos would not come again. The gods themselves, however, would reverse their own work later – returning the world to chaos - when humanity's noise and trouble became too great to bear.The Sumerian work known as the Eridu Genesis (composed c. 2300 BCE and found in the ruins of Eridu) is the earliest version of the Great Flood tale later retold in the Atrahasis, The Epic of Gilgamesh, and the Book of Genesis. It relates how the gods destroyed humanity through a flood except for one man, Ziusudra, who is saved when Enki tells him to build an ark and rescue two of every kind of animal. Afterwards, the gods relent and determine to control the human population, and limit their annoying tendencies, by introducing death and disease into the world; thereby reestablishing order and setting a limit to human life and ambition.The gods expected human beings to use their lives to help maintain order and this included finding a way to work together. The Sumerians took great pride in their individuality, as evidenced by the elevation of the patron deities of each city and intermittent rivalry and conflicts, but were required by the gods to set this aside in the interests of the common good. Early writing developed in response to the need for long-distance communication in trade and relayed basic information.This system would develop by the time of the Early Dynastic Period into the writing system which would produce such works as The Epic of Gilgamesh, Enheduanna's Hymns to Inanna, and many other great works of literature. Sumerian became the language the lingua franca of Mesopotamia and established the writing system known as cuneiform which would later be used to record other languages. The struggle in life is the work of embracing and reconciling opposites: love-hate, joy-sadness, hope-despair, and so forth.

Eridu Genesis, an incomplete segment of text that archaeologists have pieced together using remnants and preserved lines. Kramer’s (1983: 117-8).

Numbered transliteration reads as follows. Notice line 47&48 tell us that An, Enlil, Enki, (and) Ninhursag fashioned the blackheads,

38.I would [halt(?)] the perishing of my mankind,
39.I would restore there to Nintu the… of my creatures,
40.We would return the people from their (dispersed) habitations.
41.Let them build there the me-endowed cities, I would refresh myself in their shade,
42.Let them lay the bricks of the me-endowed cities in holy places,
43.Let them erect the me-endowed ki-es in holy places,
44.I have directed there the fire-quenching water,
45.I have perfected there the divine rites (and) noble me,
46.I have watered the earth, I would establish well-being there.
47.After An, Enlil, Enki, (and) Ninhursag
48.Had fashioned the blackheads,
49.Nig-gil (rising) repeatedly out of the earth, multiplied
50.Herds of animals, four legged, were brought into existence in the steppe as is befitting

31These lines recount the creation of humankind and the animals, an interpretation that is clarified by way of introduction to the roles of the four primary gods that are mentioned.
A Sumerian once wrote, “Tears, lament, anguish, and depression are within me.Suffering overwhelms me.Evil fate holds me and carries off my life.Malignant sickness bathes me” (Marcus, 1998). These expressions of feeling conjure up an extreemly emotional individual.The ability to construct permanent buildings saw the nomadic hunter gatherer lifestyle eventually give way to something quite opposite, i.e. a state of orientation, and the beginning of architecture.The ability to build more permanent structures meant an emerging and fundamental sense of geometry.The Sumerians narrative reflects this transition into the clearing of land, the beginning of architecture and agriculture, the domestication of plants and animals.
Up until this time, Palaeolithic nomadic communities moved through nature seasonally, as a way of taking advantage of animal migration as well as the ripening of fruits and so on.Thus, while they possessed the skills required to survive, they had no irrigation or crop development technology.They had no sense of up, down, forwards or backwards.In short they possessed what can be referred to as non-geometric knowledge and, as a result, have been described as existing in a state of disorientation.The Sumerian word ‘Abzu’ means “[s]ea, abyss; home of the water-god Enki” (Kramer, 1988: 358-60), as well as “primeval source”chaos is that primeval sea before the creation of the universe, a kind of “first cause” and “prime mover,” a boundless and aquatic abyss (Kramer, 1988: 76).Given that Sumerians never considered that there might be anything “prior to the sea in time and in space,” it is not unlikely that they considered the sea to have existed “eternally” (Kramer, 1988: 76, 82).


The question is whether there is a relationship between the concept of chaos and the origin of abstract writing. The conjunction of ‘writing and chaos’ is disclosed as a battle between the will to personal power and autonomy in the world, and the inherent power of an essentially unpredictable nature of that very world.
The Sumerians are credited as the authors of “the oldest known historical inscriptions,” the Eridu Genesis is one of the first texts ever to have been written (Bottero, 2001: 4-7).Having developed the “art of writing,” Sumerian documents “mark the beginning of historical times” (Champdor, 1958: 8).This is what Bertman refers to as the beginnings of “humanity’s autobiography,” in turn implicating chaos and writing in self-reflective practices, in ‘writing the self’ (2003: 142). Just as importantly, the subject matter of the Eridu Genesis places it at the beginning of ‘chaos and writing’. Writing can be used to pre-empt the fallibility of memory, and so cuneiform enabled Sumerian writers to afford their ideas and beliefs a degree of permanence (even though, as van de Mieroop points out, cuneiform itself “is a script, not a language”) [1999: 10].
The Sumerian cuneiform text that I focus the readers attention to dates back to the 18th century BC which contains three narratives : the Creation of humankind, the building of cities, and a flood myth.
The Sumerians having authored the world’s oldest known historical texts, marked the beginning of written literature as well as offering us the first chaos ‘in’ writing. regarding ‘writing and chaos’Sumerians seem to have understood that writing also carried with it the thrust of authority, of ownership and in this way, perhaps, of certainty.But the permanence of cuneiform opened the door to another way of teaching Sumerian culture, of aligning everyday experience with cosmology.That is to say, writing played a role in an attempt to create a bridge between a material reality and a spiritual reality as von Rad points out, ancient man “makes no distinction between spiritual and material—the two are intertwined in the closest possible way; and in consequence he is also unable to differentiate between word and object, idea and reality” (1965: 80-1). As Jacob recognises, “[a] spoken word is never an empty sound but an operative reality whose action cannot be hindered once it has been pronounced, and which attained its maximum effectiveness in formulae of blessing and cursing” (1958: 127).The cuneiform word, in Sumerian culture, could also possess spiritual import, as reflected in the metaphorical concepts that structure a meaning system.
In a historical context off central interest is the archetype Eridu Genesis, a text of six columns written in Sumerian and containing three narratives; the Creation of the world (out of a chaotic sea), the founding of cities, and a great flood.
The Sumerians are credited as being the authors of “the oldest known historical inscriptions” that reach as far back as the “third millennium BC” .This means that the Sumerians besides producing the world’s first administrative and private legal documents, scholarly and literary texts, the first to write about emotions and beliefs. The Eridu Genesis text also provides us with first writing regarding chaos in history. The notion of chaos connotes the notions of ‘origin,’ and or a new beginning, a view that is supported by a range of historical precedents all interpret the origin of the universe as an original chaos, a chaotic and aquatic abyss.
So the question is, what kind of material reality could motivate writing about chaos? This could easyly be the reality that existed before the advent of writing. We find that the Eridu Genesis draws our attention to the fact that it is the beginning of writing, which first turns our attention to the idea of chaos as the origin or a new beginning. The invention of writing was one of Mesopotamia’s greatest achievements. It facilitated the organization and management of society and served as the chief instrument by which a complex civilization could come into being.Eventually, it became the medium through which the people’s collective experience and wisdom were trans generationally transmitted.

In short, being civilised entails a culture’s presumption of mastery over the natural world—knowledge and skill become invested in a project of bringing order to the environment, especially where no perceivably order previously existed. This means that notions of chaos, in Sumerian writing, can be seen to document a new phase in cultural thinking—the emergence of the culture/nature binary opposition.This is also the emergence of the inside/outside binary opposition.When what is inside the walls of a city, within the perimeter of Eridu as a place of civilisation is presumably safe, domesticated, predictable, tame, ordered, that which remains outside of the city (the natural world with all of the forces that it maintains) is rendered a place of danger, of the untamed, of disorder, and chaos.

UVX Black Light and Black Heads

UV radiation as an initiator and driver of biological evolution. According to the second thermodynamic law, any self-organization must be driven by an irreversible process of energy flow in the form of low-entropy radiation from a container of high temperature (the Sun), and dissipate it in the form of high-entropy radiation in a container of low temperature (the space). UV radiation is enough to drive chemical reactions independently on metabolism and to damage the cellThe electromagnetic energy of solar radiation reaching Earth’s surface encompasses infrared (700 nm to 1 mm), visible (400 to 700 nm), and UV (290 to 400 nm; shorter wavelengths, including UVC, are filtered by atmosphere), representing 53%, 44%, and 3%, respectively, of the ground level spectrum radiation of the sun in zenith.
The biologically highly active UV spectra have played a fundamental role in the origin of life on Earth when simple organic molecules harnessed its energy and converted it into high-energy chemical bonds to generate molecular complexity, perhaps initiating self-organization patterns.

The penetration of light energy into the brain is dependent on the wavelength. Studies support the ability of near infrared light (808 – 820nm) to penetrate through the skull and up to 4 cm into brain tissue. So the simple answer the question if light can penetrate the skull and get to the brain is yes. Sunlight contains wavelengths longer than 880 nm, which do penetrate the skull and reach the brain.
Current research indicates that light energy to reach the brain depends on several variables – such as wavelength and power density. Near infrared light (NIR) energy is part of the electromagnetic spectrum – which are waves (or photons) of the electromagnetic field, radiating through space, carrying electromagnetic radiant energy. NIR light energy can penetrate the skull and reach the brain. Light energy generated from LED sources for example have sufficient penetration to reach the brain. However the use of lasers is not yet worth experimentation for the inherent danger.
Today, several existing technologies depend on the ability of electromagnetic energy to penetrate solid objects. Several examples include WiFi, mobile data, radar and navigation satellites.
In order to reach the brain transcranially, NIR light energy must bypass several barriers – skin, blood, water and bone. In a 2019 study by researchers from the Harvard Psychiatry Department, combined similar tissues together to create a simplified head model. This model contained eight different brain tissues: white matter (WM), gray matter (GM), CSF, skull, muscles, skin/muscles, fat, and blood vessels.

NIR light energy, within the optical window, derives the greatest mitochondrial response out of the entire electromagnetic spectrum. Near-infrared light (NIR) stimulates mitochondrial respiration in neurons by donating photons that are absorbed by cytochrome oxidase. This is a bioenergetics process called photo neuromodulation in nervous tissue. The absorption of luminous energy by the enzyme results in increased brain cytochrome oxidase enzymatic activity and oxygen consumption. Increased oxygen consumption by nerve cells is coupled to oxidative phosphorylation. Hence, ATP production increases as a consequence of the metabolic action of near-infrared light.

Simply put it is the energy of the photon that's being utilized by the brain and body. Just as a plant uses light energy to generate complex molecules via chlorophyl, our chromophores utilize the energy of the photons to do much the same, just for a different set of reasons: changing membrane potential, enhancing oxygen utilization, generating ATP.

The light therapy that increases blood flow in the brain, also appears to have an effect on damaged brain cells, specifically on their mitochondria. These are bean-shaped subunits within the cell that put out energy in the form of the chemical we known as ATP.

Red light therapy, also known as low-level light therapy (LLLT) and photo biomodulation, offers exciting potential as a treatment for brain health, including age-related decline, traumatic brain injuries, and stroke.

When studying civilizations, Sumeria is the only real example to study. Egypt was civilized to an extent, but they are essentially just a mimic of Sumeria. With the same gods and similar architecture, Egypt has always been considered to be just an extension of Sumerian & Akkadian civilization as it expanded westwards. The fact is that every single script worldwide is either based in Hieratic or cuneiform. In addition many language isolates worldwide turn out to be direct extensions of the ancient Sumerian language which predated Akkadian. Akkadian itself is the basis for both Chinese and Hebrew as well as Ancient Assyrian, Armenian and Elamite. Without Sumeria there is no civilization.

a recent (2013) genetic analysis of four ancient Mesopotamian skeletal DNA samples suggests an association of the Sumerians with Indus Valley Civilization, possibly as a result of ancient Indus-Mesopotamia relations: Sumerians, or at least some of them, may have been related to the original Dravidian population of India.

These prehistoric people before the Sumerians are now called "proto-Euphrateans" or "Ubaidians", and are theorized to have evolved from the Samarra culture of northern Mesopotamia. The Ubaidians, though never mentioned by the Sumerians themselves, are assumed by modern-day scholars to have been the first civilizing force in Sumer. They drained the marshes for agriculture, developed trade, and established industries, including weaving, leatherwork, metalwork, masonry, and pottery.

Sumer - Wikipedia

[Writing was very important in maintaining the Egyptian empire, and literacy was concentrated among an educated elite of scribes. Only people from certain backgrounds were allowed to train as scribes, in the service of temple, royal (pharaonic), and military authorities.]

Geoffrey Sampson stated that Egyptian hieroglyphs "came into existence a little after Sumerian script, and, probably [were], invented under the influence of the latter", and that it is "probable that the general idea of expressing words of a language in writing was brought to Egypt from Sumerian Mesopotamia". Despite the importance of early Egypt-Mesopotamia relations, given the lack of direct evidence "no definitive determination has been made as to the origin of hieroglyphics in ancient Egypt". Instead, it is pointed out and held that "the evidence for such direct influence remains flimsy" and that "a very credible argument can also be made for the independent development of writing in Egypt..." Since the 1990s, the discoveries of glyphs at Abydos, dated to between 3400 and 3200 BCE, may challenge the classical notion according to which the Mesopotamian symbol system predates the Egyptian one, although Egyptian writing does make a sudden appearance at that time, while on the contrary Mesopotamia has an evolutionary history of sign usage in tokens dating back to circa 8000 BCE. These glyphs, found in tomb U-J at Abydos are written on ivory and are likely labels for other goods found in the grave.

Mesopotamia has an evolutionary history of sign usage in tokens dating back to circa 8000 BCE.

Google images

Designs on some of the labels or token from Abydos, carbon-dated to circa 3400-3200 BC and among the earliest form of writing in Egypt. They are remarkably similar to contemporary clay tags from Uruk, Mesopotamia

Given what we know of the light the black people generated from their black heads I would venture to put forth the theory that they were aware of thermodynamics and that is why they called themselves the "black headed ones" because blackhead as an idealized body - (a collection of matter within a defined contiguous boundary in three-dimensional space.) - absorbs all the light all incident electromagnetic radiation, regardless of frequency or angle of incidence. that hits the our planet/brain and reflecting out the full spectrum light reflected from within, the inner kingdom of light, just like a perfect black body in thermodynamics.

The name "black body" is given to matter because it absorbs all colors of light. A black body also emits black-body radiation. In contrast, a white body which is one with a "rough surface that reflects all incident rays completely and uniformly in all directions.

An approximate realization of a black surface is a hole in the wall of a large insulated enclosure (an oven, or a brain for example). Any light entering the hole is reflected or absorbed at the internal surfaces of the body and is unlikely to re-emerge, making the hole/brain a nearly perfect absorber. When the radiation confined in such an enclosure is in thermal equilibrium, the radiation emitted from the hole/brain will be as great as from any body at that equilibrium temperature.

In the visible spectrum, black is the result of the absorption of all colors. Black can be defined as the visual impression experienced when no visible light reaches the eye. Pigments or dyes that absorb light rather than reflect it back to the eye "look black". A black pigment can, however, result from a combination of several pigments that collectively absorb all colors. If appropriate proportions of three primary pigments are mixed, the result reflects so little light as to be called "black". This provides two superficially opposite but actually complementary descriptions of black. Black is the absorption of all colors of light, or an exhaustive combination of multiple colors of pigment. A star or planet often is modeled as a black body, and electromagnetic radiation emitted from these bodies as black-body radiation. In cognitive psychology, physical bodies as they occur in biology are studied in order to understand the mind.

Black is often used symbolically or figuratively to represent negative light as in darkness. Black and white have often been used to describe opposites such as good and evil, night versus day.

According to a 4000 year-old inscription by Sumerian Lu-dingir-Ra:
"We migrated to where we are living now thousands of years ago, but they were unable to write down from where because they did not know how to write then. Later on inquisitive scribes and archivists in the royal palace studied the orally transmitted information in an attempt to find out about the past. Our people came to this land from a mountainous country to the northeast. But it is also said that some of them had come via sea from a land called Dilmun in the east. And the reason behind this migration is said to be the onset of an unexplained drought in their warm and rainy country.
Great Enlil had some of us 'darkheads' settle here.... According to rumours and the results of my research as to why we have called ourselves 'darkheads' I found out that before our forefathers migrated here, blonde haired and blue eyed people were living next to their country. I cannot visualise a person with blonde hair and blue eyes. And I don't think it would be nice. I have not seen any person like that in my country".

Salmat has a range of related meanings in various Semitic languages (gloomy, dark, black etc). Qaqqad or Kakkad in various Semitic languages can mean head, skull, or the crown of the head.

Black was one of the first colors used by artists in Neolithic cave paintings. It was used in ancient Egypt and Greece as the color of the underworld. It was used in ancient Egypt and Greece as the color of the underworld. In the Roman Empire, it became the color of mourning, and over the centuries it was frequently associated with death, evil, witches, and magic. It makes sense that Black has been the symbolic color of melancholy, solemnity and authority, and for this reason it is still worn by, judges and magistrates, academics, royalty, clergy, and government officials. Black is frequently used as a color of power, law and authority. In many countries judges and magistrates wear black robes. That custom began in Europe in the 13th and 14th centuries. Jurists, magistrates It became the color worn by English romantic poets, businessmen and statesmen in the 19th century, and a high fashion color in the 20th century. Priests and pastors of the Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox and Protestant churches commonly wear black, as do monks of the Benedictine Order, who consider it the color of humility and penitence. Black formal attire is still worn at many solemn occasions or ceremonies, from graduations to formal balls. Graduation gowns are copied from the gowns worn by university professors in the Middle Ages, which in turn were copied from the robes worn by judges and priests, who often taught at the early universities. The mortarboard hat worn by graduates is adapted from a square cap called a biretta worn by Medieval professors and clerics.

According to surveys in Europe and North America, it is the color most commonly associated with mourning, the end, secrets, magic, force, violence, fear, evil and elegance. In the West, black is commonly associated with mourning and bereavement, and usually worn at funerals and memorial services. In some traditional societies, for example in Greece and Italy, some widows wear black for the rest of their lives.Black is the most common ink color as it provides the highest contrast with white. The word black comes from Old English blæc, from base *bhel- ("to shine"), related to Old Saxon blak ("ink") and Swedish bläck ("ink"). Old High German also had two words for black: swartz for dull black and blach for a luminous black. These are parallelled in Middle English by the terms swart for dull black and blaek for luminous black.
For the ancient Egyptians, black had positive associations; being the color of fertility and the rich black soil flooded by the Nile. It was the color of Anubis, the god of the underworld, who took the form of a black jackal, and offered protection against evil to the dead. To ancient Greeks, black represented the underworld, separated from the living by the river Acheron, whose water ran black. Black was one of the most important colors used by ancient Greek artists. In the 6th century BC, they began making black-figure pottery. In Rome black was worn by craftsmen and artisans.

In Paganism, black represents dignity, force, stability, and protection.

Anubis was a black headed ancient Egyptian god of death, mummification, embalming, the afterlife, cemeteries, tombs, and the Underworld, in ancient Egyptian religion, usually depicted as a canine or a man with a canine head. black had positive associations; being the color of fertility and the rich black soil flooded by the Nile. It was the color of Anubis, the god of the underworld, who took the form of a black jackal, and offered protection against evil to the dead. Like many ancient Egyptian deities, Anubis assumed different roles in various contexts. Depicted as a protector of graves as early as the First Dynasty (c. 3100 – c. 2890 BC), Anubis was also an embalmer. By the Middle Kingdom (c. 2055–1650 BC) he was replaced by Osiris in his role as lord of the underworld. One of his prominent roles was as a god who ushered souls into the afterlife. He attended the weighing scale during the "Weighing of the Heart", in which it was determined whether a soul would be allowed to enter the realm of the dead. Anubis's distinctive black headed color had several symbolic meanings. The black being the color of the fertile silt of the River Nile, to Egyptians, black also symbolized fertility and the possibility of rebirth in the afterlife. Anubis is one of the most frequently depicted and mentioned gods in the Egyptian pantheon, however no relevant myth involved him. Anubis got around, for although he does not appear in many myths, he was extremely popular with Egyptians and those of other cultures. The Greeks linked him to their god Hermes, the god who guided the dead to the afterlife. The pairing was later known as Hermanubis. Anubis was heavily worshipped because, despite modern beliefs, he gave the people hope. People marveled in the guarantee that their body would be respected at death, their soul would be protected and justly judged. Anubis had male priests who sported wood masks with the god's likeness when performing rituals. His cult center was at Cynopolis in Upper Egypt but memorials were built everywhere and he was universally revered in every part of the nation.

In Hinduism, the goddess Kali, goddess of time and change, is portrayed with black or dark blue skin.  Black in the ancient Hindu language of Sanskrit is kaala –the feminine form is kali – so She is Kali, the black one.Kali is portrayed mostly in two forms: the popular four-armed form and the ten-armed Mahakali form. In both of her forms, she is described as being black in colour. She is wearing a necklace adorned with severed heads and hands. Her name means "The black one". She destroys anger and passion according to Hindu mythology and her devotees are supposed to abstain from meat or intoxication. Kali does not eat meat, but it is the śāstra's injunction that those who are unable to give up meat-eating, they may sacrifice one goat, not cow, one small animal before the goddess Kali, on amāvāsya (new moon) day, night, not day, and they can eat it. Kali is the feminine form of "time" or "the fullness of time" with the masculine noun "kāla", which is a name of Shiva. By extension, time as "changing aspect of nature that bring things to life or death".^{[citation needed]}

The homonym kāla (appointed time) is distinct from kāla (black), but these became associated through popular etymology. She is called Kali Mata ("the dark mother") and also kālī which can be read here either as a proper name or as a description "the dark or black one".^[4] Kālī is also the feminine form of Kāla (an epithet of Shiva) and thus the consort of Shiva. She is also accompanied by serpents and a jackal while standing on the calm and prostrate Shiva.The name Kali means Kala or force of time. When there were neither the creation, nor the sun, the moon, the planets, and the earth, there was only darkness and everything was created from the darkness. The Dark appearance of Kali represents the darkness from which everything was born.^[2] Her complexion is black. As she is also the goddess of Preservation, Kali is worshiped as the preserver of nature.^{[citation needed]} Kali is standing calm on Shiva, her appearance represents the preservation of mother nature.

Sumerians

Left: Sculpture of the head of Sumerian ruler Gudea, c. 2150 BC. Right: cuneiform characters for Saĝ-gíg (𒊕 𒈪), "Black Headed Ones", the native designation for the Sumerians. The first is the pictographic character for "head" (, later ), the second the character for "night", and for "black" when pronounced gíg (, later ).^[1][2][3][4]

The Sumerians called themselves “the black headed people” and their land, in cuneiform script, was simply “the land” or “the land of the black headed people”and, in the biblical Book of Genesis, Sumer is known as Shinar. The 'black-headed people' (sag-ge(6)) in Sumerian texts came to be used also in Akkadian texts (translated as salmat qaqqadi), also including in Neo-Assyrian texts, much distant in time and place from the original ancient Sumer. the 'black-headed people' (sag-ge(6)) in Sumerian texts. It is my understanding that this term came to be used in Akkadian texts (translated as salmat qaqqadi) and also in Neo-Assyrian texts,  distant in time and place from ancient Sumer.

According to the Sumerian King List, when the gods first gave human beings the gifts necessary for cultivating society, they did so by establishing the city of Eridu in the region of Sumer. While the Sumerian city of Uruk is held to be the oldest city in the world, the ancient Mesopotamians believed that it was Eridu and that it was here that order was established and civilization began. The black headed people specifically, believed that civilization was the result of the gods' triumph of order over chaos, The legacy, of the Black Headed People, continues in many aspects of our civilization which those in the modern day take for granted as always existing. Something as basic as the mode of writing as on this page we know dates back to them to around 3000 B.C.E., our 'degree' the measurement of angles which gives us one full rotation around to make the circle which is 360 degrees, was invented, once upon a time, 6000 years ago in Sumer by them. 

Wikipedia offers the following regarding the names or the term "Sumer" (Sumerian: 𒅴𒄀 eme-gi or 𒅴𒂠 eme-ĝir15, Akkadian: 𒋗𒈨𒊒 šumeru) is the name given to the language spoken by the "Sumerians", by the inhabitants of southern Mesopotamia, the East Semitic-speaking Akkadians. The Hebrew שִׁנְעָר‎ Šinʿar, Egyptian Sngr, and Hittite Šanhar(a), all referring to southern Mesopotamia as a whole. 

The Sumerians referred to their land as Kengir, the 'Country of the noble lords' (𒆠𒂗𒄀, k-en-gi(-r), lit. 'country' + 'lords' + 'noble').
The origin of the Sumerians is not known, but as mentioned above the people of Sumer referred to themselves as "Black Headed Ones" or "Black-Headed People" (𒊕 𒈪, saĝ-gíg, lit. 'head' + 'black', or 𒊕 𒈪 𒂵, saĝ-gíg-ga phonetically /saŋ ɡi ɡa/, lit. 'head' + 'black' + 'carry'). For example, the Sumerian king Shulgi described himself as "the king of the four quarters, the pastor of the black-headed people". As I said the original homeland of the black headed people is not known, however according to some data, they are associated with the territories further north west, where we today identify with the Hurrians, the Urartians, and the Highlands of Armenia, the Caucasus. They first drained the marshes for agriculture, developed trade in all four directions, and established sophisticated industries, including weaving, leatherwork, metalwork, masonry, and pottery. They were very energetic farmers, traders and sailors. Sumerian civilization featured a social class/hierarchical system with a ruling class, upper class, middle class, working-class, and enslaved class. The ruling class of Sumer included the king and the high priests. The largest social class was the working class, which mainly comprised of farmers. The upper class included kings, priests, warriors, and government officials. In the middle class were artisans, merchants, farmers, and fishers. These people probably made up the largest group.

Their religion recognized many gods, whose feats and escapades were described in stories that were often preserved for generations. Rituals were accompanied by skillful harpists and singers, and Sumerian musical instruments have been excavated by modern archaeologists.

The Golden Rule is the principle of treating others as one wants to be treated. Various expressions of this rule can be found in the tenets of most religions and creeds through the ages. It can be considered an ethic of reciprocity in some religions, although different religions treat it differently. The epic poems that stand at the beginning of the Sumerian epoch like the Adapa myth, the Epic of Gilgamesh, portray a set of values, offering the listener/reader wisdom and the correct ethical line to follow, which suits the collective as well as the  leadership of an expanding community.

It is agreed that the Sumerians were polytheistic, which means they believed in many gods. Each city-state had one main god as its creator/protector, however, it is very important to know that the black headed people believed in and respected all the immortal gods equally. They believed their gods had unlimited power, omnipotent and benevolent. The gods could bring good health and wealth, or could bring illness and disasters. Among the gods they worshipped were Enlil, the lord of the air; Enki, god of wisdom; and Inanna, goddess of love and war. The sun and moon were represented by the gods Utu and Nanna.

Enki was the keeper of the divine powers called Me, the gifts of civilization. He is often shown with the many-horned crown of divinity. On the Adda Seal, Enki is depicted with two streams of water flowing into each of his shoulders: one the Tigris, the other the Euphrates. Enki is one of the three most powerful gods in the Sumerian pantheon, along with Anu and Enlil. He was said to reside in the ocean underneath the earth called the abzu, which was an important place in Mesopotamian cosmic geography for that is where the sweet waters of life issued from. Sumerians created nature based gods because they wanted to influence nature positively. 

In Eridu the religion, the most powerful and important deities in the pantheon were sometimes called the "seven gods who decree": An, Enlil, Enki, Ninhursag, Nanna, Utu, and Inanna. The core panth An (heaven), Enki (a healer and friend to humans), Enlil (who gave spells spirits must obey), Inanna (love and war), Utu (sun-god), and Sin (moon-god).

The gods could bring illness or they could bring good health and wealth. 

The black headed people viewed the universe as a political state in which the gods met to plan the affairs of mankind. 

We know that the black headed people who first settled between 4500 and 4000 BCE were not Semitic. The BHP (black headed people) are now referred to as proto-Euphrateans or Ubaidians,  after the village Al-ʿUbayd, where their remains were first discovered.

The Anunnaki were believed to be the offspring of An and his consort, the earth goddess Ki. The name is variously written "a-nuna", "da-nuna-ke4-ne", or "da-nun-na", meaning "princely offspring" or "offspring of An". However an alternative spelling I would humbly offer is "An-Unna-Ki, meaning of An/Heaven, Ki/Earth and Unna, for Unanimity or Oneness, or Concord, or Conjunction, or simply One. 

Dravidianism was estimated to have been the first religion practised starting around 6000 BCE and that predates Sumerian, by a thousand and Egyptian by about twothousand years.So unless the black headed people came from the Indus valley after the Manu flood with the fish avatar they they could not claim to be the first. 

In Mesopotamia, the surviving evidence from the third millennium to the end of the first millennium B.C. indicates that although many of the gods were associated with natural forces, no single myth addressed issues of initial creation. It was simply assumed that the gods existed before their world was formed. 

Scribes were obviously very important members of the community. They were trained to write cuneiform and record many of the languages spoken in Mesopotamia. Without scribes, letters would not have been written or read, royal monuments would not have been carved with cuneiform, and stories would have been told and then forgotten, in short we would not be planning to go to Mars if it were not for the black headed people.

Their religious practices tell us everything about their moral and ethical values. It is important to get into their black heads and try to understand what they believed to find out why they would refer to themselves as the black headed people. We know for sure that they believe the gods controlled all, especially time and space. We know that they believed and promoted the concept that the gods affected every aspect of human life. We know that they believed that the gods controlled the future and that it was the gods that had revealed to them the skills that they possessed and that the gods had provided them with all they needed to know as well as the means to write it all down for posterity, thus empowering them to concur both time and space. 

The black headed people valued the community and cooperation within, which they developed in each and every city-state. 

Today scholars inform us that some stories recorded in the older parts of the Hebrew Bible bear strong similarities to the stories in Sumerian mythology. For example, the myth of Adaba, the first man, as in the biblical Adam, the architype, the biblical account of Noah and the Great Flood bears a striking resemblance to the Sumerian deluge myth, recorded in a Sumerian tablet discovered at Nippur. 

The Sumerians believed that success in every area of life depended on pleasing the gods. People relied on the black headed priests, to help them gain the gods' favor. To stay on the narrow path for health and wealth. The people were led to believed that it was the God's that chose their kings which helped reinforce social order, because obeying the will of the God's was one of the black headed priests strongest beliefs. 

The control of their land lasted for about 2,000 years. The Akkadians/Babylonians took full charge around 2004 B.C. 

Excellence in 'moral virtue' 

The black headed people like Meno in Socratic dialogue by Plato must have asked  whether virtue is taught, acquired by practice, or comes by nature. It is apparent from their myths that they determined that virtue is teachable. They must have also been aware of the Greek concept of Arete ἀρετή, which in ancient Greek thought that, in its most basic sense, refers to 'excellence' of any kind. The term also refer to excellence in "moral virtue" especially in a person. It is the realization of full potential or inherent function within. The concept of Arete and Homonoia, formed the Praxidikai ('Exacters of Justice'). Homonoia  (Ὁμόνοια), in ancient Greek religion, was a minor goddess of concord, unanimity, and oneness of mind, very much like one imagines the black headed people as being Her opposite number was Eris (Strife). In Greek mythology, Harmonia (/hɑːrˈmoʊniə/; Ancient Greek: Ἁρμονία /harmoˈnia/, "harmony", "agreement") is the immortal goddess of harmony and concord. Her Roman counterpart is Concordia. Her Greek opposite is Eris, whose Roman counterpart is Discordia. 

Ethics is the branch of philosophy that examines right and wrong moral behavior, moral concepts (such as justice, virtue, duty) and moral language. Ethics or moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that "involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong behavior". The field of ethics, along with aesthetics, concerns matters of value, and thus comprises the branch of philosophy called axiology. 

There cam be no doubt that the black headed people had thoroughly examined the rights and wrongs of moral behavior as well as moral language and we can read that they cameup with their own ideas on justice, virtue and duty. Today we have various ethical theories that pose various answers to the question "What is the greatest good?" and elaborate a complete set of proper behaviors for individuals and groups. Ethical theories are closely related to forms of life in various social orders.

To start with the question as to what is the meaning of life, pertains to the significance of living or existence in general. The Psychological significance and value in life).
From the beginning of time the questions about the meaning of life have been expressed in a broad variety of ways, including: What is the meaning of life? What's it all about? Who are we? Why are we here? What are we here for? What is the origin of life? What is the nature of life? What is the nature of reality? What is the purpose of life? What is the purpose of one's life? What is the significance of life? What is meaningful and valuable in life? What is the value of life? What is the reason to live? What are we living for? The response of the black headed priests to these questions is documented in the records they so religiously. 

Anu the immortal god of heaven (named by the black headed people) in the myth called "Adapa and the South Wind", is attempting to pre-empt the fundamental question which human beings have asked through the ages, “Why should I be born to die and, knowing I will die, what is the point of living?”, by granting immortality; but this is not to be. More on the telling myth of "Adapa and the South Wind" in the next chapter where the meaning of the name and the myth will be made clear.

The meaning of Value within contemporary ethics in the social sciences.

Value clarification consists of "helping people clarify what their lives are for. In sociology, value theory is concerned with personal values which are popularly held by a community, and how those values might change under particular conditions. Different groups of people may hold or prioritize different kinds of values influencing social behavior. What the community perceives as of paramount significance to them denotes or decipher their social attributes.

Values relate to the norms of a culture, but they are more global and intellectual than norms. Norms provide rules for behavior in specific situations. Thus Values can be socially attributed. 

In ethics and social sciences, value denotes the degree of importance of something or action, with the aim of determining which actions are best to do or what way is best to live (normative ethics in ethics), or to describe the significance of different actions.
Value systems are prospective and prescriptive beliefs; they affect the ethical behavior of a person or are the basis of their intentional activities.
Values can be defined as broad preferences concerning appropriate courses of actions for beneficial outcomes.
As such, values should reflect a person's or a communities sense of wise or right and wrong or what "ought" to be. A command based on words of Jesus in the Sermon on the Mount: “All things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them.” The Mosaic law contains a parallel commandment: “Whatever is hurtful to you, do not do to any other person. "Equal rights for all", "Excellence deserves admiration", and "People should be treated with respect and dignity" are representatives of values. Values tend to influence attitudes and behavior and these types include ethical/moral values, doctrinal/ideological (religious, political) values, social values, and aesthetic values. It is debated whether some values that are not clearly physiologically determined, such as altruism, are intrinsic, and whether some, such as acquisitiveness, should be classified as vices or virtues. Values may help common human problems for survival by comparative rankings of value, the results of which provide answers to questions of why people do what they do and in what order they choose to do them. Moral, religious, and personal values, when held rigidly, may also give rise to conflicts that result from a clash between differing world views

These questions have resulted in a wide range of competing answers and explications, from scientific theories, to philosophical, theological, and spiritual explanations.

Sociology examines value at a social level using theoretical constructs such as value theory, norms, anomie, etc. One value system suggested by social psychologists, broadly called Terror Management Theory, states that human meaning is derived from a fundamental fear of death, and values are selected when they allow us to escape the mental reminder of death.

Alongside this, there are a number of theories about the way in which humans evaluate the positive and negative aspects of their existence and thus the value and meaning they place on their lives. For example, depressive realism posits an exaggerated positivity in all except those experiencing depressive disorders who see life as it truly is, and David Benatar theorises that more weight is generally given to positive experiences, providing bias towards an over-optimistic view of life.

Emerging research shows that meaning in life predicts better physical health outcomes.

Swiss psychologist Carl Jung proposed, a theory in which all individuals possesses within themselves a kind of mental structure based on three layers: the "personal conscious", the "personal subconscious", and the "collective subconscious". The former represents higher thinking and rationality while the latter two exist in a more shadowy realm that profoundly influences peoples' minds, Jung wrote, even as said individuals cannot reason through what happens subconsciously. The "collective" part of the subconscious, Jung determined, "constitutes a common psychic substrate of a suprapersonal nature which is present in every one of us" and comes about through existence itself.

Thus, Jung stated that personal ideals arise out of abstract concepts held collectively in the subconscious to later see specific expression in the conscious based on particular contexts. He theorized that individuals think in terms of certain character forms that he labeled as "archetypes" and associated prominent traits to those forms; for instance, the archetypes of the "great mother" and "wise old man" embody the ideal of wisdom. As a result of all this, idealistic notions become seen in real-world people.

This story, this ancient poem translated by James R Getz Jr. and published in 2008 I believe is about 'mans' destiny, a divine decree, kismet, god's will, fate, fortune, doom, lot, portion, due, nemesis, dole, providence, predestination

divine decree, the stars, luck,chance, karma, the Fates, Moirai, Parcae, the Norns.
The Armenian translate of destiny a noun is ճակատագիր (jagadakir) literal translation is the writing/letter on forehead.

Having covered arrived at the Armenian logos possibly an early a priori language the source code of which is probably that the legend of Hayk the progenitor of the Armenian community claims migrated from Sumer in the year 2494 BCE. that is before the take over of the Akkadians and the eventual fall of the black headed peoples creative experiment in building a harmonious productive extended matrilocal community.

After the many references above to the BHP I know you are wondering what could be meant by the term BHP. I did a lot of searching that led me to a dead end until I decided to think laterally and look into the word black headed as a reference to the state of mind of the people who in a very short time invented and created the foundation of our civilization. So I went for the synonyms, metaphor of black in the English language that would make my intuition relevant.
Let us start by replacing the word head with mood. A mindset influences how you think which influences ones mood as black or dark mood. A mindset is a set of beliefs that shape how you make sense of the world and yourself. It influences how you think, feel, and behave in any given situation.

A dark mood, dark as adjective offers (figurative) abstruse, arcane, concealing, cryptic, deep, Delphic (deliberately obscure or ambiguous), enigmatic, mysterious, mystic, obscure, occult, puzzling, recondite, secretive, as well as bleak, cheerless, dismal, doleful, drab, gloomy, grim, joyless, morbid, morose, mournful, sombre and solemn. A black mood, black as adjective again offers (figurative) depressing, dismal, distressing, doleful, foreboding, funereal and adds gloomy, hopeless, lugubrious, mournful, ominous, sad, sombre, solemn, sullen.

My choice is solemn, sombre, cryptic, enigmatic, mysterious, doleful

Solemnity and the Black Headed People.

He wore a very solemn expression on his face. He recited the poem in a solemn voice. A solemn crowd gathered around the grave. They made a solemn promise to love each other forever.

Solemnness is a quality or state of being very serious and formal. The solemnness in the eyes of the BHP's eyes as they entered the holy places and spoke the sacred words must have made the congregation pay very close attention.

The words solemnity and solemnness mean the same thing - a trait of dignified seriousness. We mostly use "solemnity", whereas we hardly ever use the "solemness/solemnness". Some synonyms offered are sedateness, solemnity, staidness. A type of earnestness, serious-mindedness, seriousness, sincerity. the trait of being serious.

The adjective solemn comes from the Latin sollemnis, which means formal or ceremonial. You can still use it to describe a ceremony or event, but it's best when talking about someone who's serious and sincere. In Middle English also "famous, important; imposing, grand," hence Chaucer's friar, a ful solempne man. Also meaning "marked by seriousness or earnestness" is from late 14c.; sense of "fitted to inspire devout reflection" and "performed with due religious ceremony or reverence, sacred, devoted to religious observances," also, of a vow, etc., "made under religious sanction, binding," from Old French solempne (12c., Modern French solennel) and directly from Latin sollemnis "annual, established, religiously fixed, formal, ceremonial, traditional,"

Feasting in Mesopotamia

SUMERIAN SOLEMNITIES AND HOLIDAYS.
The concept of holidays originated in connection with religious rites, observances all historically associated with traditions. The intention of a holiday was typically to allow individuals to tend to religious duties associated with important 'holy' dates on the calendar.
Solemnity is a formal or ceremonious observance of an occasion or event, or a solemn event or occasion or a solemn face, mood, atmosphere, condition, the solemnity of the music and words. If the day is a Solemnity, then the Gloria is said, as well as the Creed at Mass, and there are two scriptural readings, not one, before the Gospel. Also, there will sometimes be processional and recessional hymns, and use of incense.
The calendar of saints is the traditional Christian method of organizing a liturgical year by associating each day with one or more saints and referring to the day as the feast day or feast of said saint. In the Eastern Orthodox Church, the feast of the Resurrection of Jesus, called Pascha (Easter), is the greatest of all holy days and as such it is called the "feast of feasts". Immediately below it in importance, there is a group of Twelve Great Feasts (Greek: Δωδεκάορτον). Together with Pascha, these are the most significant dates on the Orthodox liturgical calendar.
The word "feast" in this context does not mean "a large meal, typically a celebratory one", but instead "an annual religious celebration, a day dedicated to a particular saint".
The liturgical year, also known as the church year or Christian year, as well as the kalendar, consists of the cycle of liturgical seasons in Christian churches that determines when feast days, including celebrations of saints, are to be observed, and which portions of Scripture are to be read either in an annual cycle or in a cycle of several years.For example the solemnities of the Nativity of the Lord, the Epiphany, the Ascension, and Pentecost are all outranked only by the Paschal Triduum. Solemnities inscribed in particular calendars yield not only to these, but also to the Commemoration of All the Faithful Departed.

Among solemnities inscribed in particular calendars today in order of precedence are for example, the solemnity of the principal patron of the place, city or state, the solemnity of the dedication or anniversary of the dedication of one's own church, the solemnity of the title of one's own church (the mystery or saint to which it is dedicated), the solemnity of either the title or the founder of a religious institute.

The word solemnity comes from post classical Latin sollemnitas, also meaning, a festival, a feast day, celebration of a day. In French meaning an"observance of ceremony," from Old French solemnite, The further etymology is uncertain; sollus is said to mean (“entire, whole”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *solh₂- (“whole”)) + epulum (“banquet, feast”) why go to +eplum from the diphthong MN I cant imagine. So I go to Sol+mn, for we have solstice meaning a stopping or standing still of the sun. insolation is the state of being exposed to the light of the sun, the Sun has been called by many names and been used as a prefix for a few. The Latin word for Sun is “sol,” which is the main adjective for all things Sun-related. There is solar as pertaining to the sun, solar system the sun with the objects which revolve around it, a solatium is a sun dial and "Old Sol is a "folk name for the sun. A new etymology from Latin sollemnis takes us to "annual, fixed, formal, ceremonial, tradition. From sol-e-mn, the sun + amen that makes more sense to me since the word amen usually introduced an affirmative statement for emphasis, as in solemn oaths, the amen was sometimes repeated. The use of the initial amen, single or double in form, to introduce solemn statements. Solemnity is the concept of holidays originated in connection with religious rites, observances all historically associated with traditions marking times on the sun's cycle. All the Holy Days of Obligation important Holy Dates on the calendar.

Luxurious feasts and banquets had been a part of Mesopotamian culture from the time of the Sumerians, the ones who started it all.
The Greek historian Herodotus said that when the city of Babylon fell to the Persians in 539 BC, what King Cyrus and his armies found behind its walls were Babylonians feasting. The Bible says the same about the event, which served to peg the very name of that great city to excessive luxury.
Excessive yes luxurious yes but I believe the feasts were Solemnities in the sense the churches today interpret the word feast today. As in a solemn religious celebration, a day dedicated to a particular special day.
In the liturgical calendar of the Roman Rite, a solemnity is a feast day of the highest rank celebrating a mystery of faith such as the Trinity, an event in the life of Jesus, his mother Mary, his legal father Joseph, or another important saint, commemorating each martyr annually on the date of their death, or birth into heaven, a date therefore referred to in Latin as the martyr's dies natalis ('day of birth'). In the Eastern Orthodox Church, a calendar of saints is called a Menologion. "Menologion" may also mean a set of icons on which saints are depicted in the order of the dates of their feasts, often made in two panels.
Historically starting with the Sumerians we must realize the fact that as the number of events and recognized saints increased during as in Late Antiquity and the first half of the Middle Ages, eventually every day of the year had at least one saint who was commemorated on that date, thus the reputation of the Sumerians and the Mesopotamians for excessive celebration, feasting and luxury.
We feast today to celebrate all things religious. Mesopotamia could not have been different. they must have had harvest festivals, marked like those of other people by rejoicings and thanksgivings to the gods, but as yet we have not unearthed all their rites and ceremonies. We know a good deal about the festival that formed a complement to their new year’s celebration. The famous Standard of Ur contains a rather detailed Sumerian banquet scene in which servants bring food and drink to seated figures, one of them higher and larger than the rest, with musicians performing. There are also cattle being led in to be prepared for the feast. At these banquets there were local as well as foreign dignitaries and workers. Most importantly the gods were also considered the main guests and that meant that part of the food was designated for the gods. On the stele we read, for the goddess Ishtar alone Ashurnasirpal II designated some 200 heads of cattle. They also had a lot to drink, Mesopotamians served beer and wine at their feasts and performed toasts in honor of the gods and their host.
The Sumerian introduced the conception of time as an entity and devised the calendar that introduced the our seven day week, corresponding to the four waning and waxing periods of the lunar cycle, all with 12 months of 30 days. One of the most important aspects of the calendar in Mesopotamia was marking spring and autumn, which in turn marked the beginning and end of the agricultural year. Like Easter, spring and new year were marked by the first new moon after the spring equinox, around the end of March or beginning of April. Autumn was marked at the first new moon after the autumn equinox. In Mesopotamia, autumn marked the beginning of the planting season and spring was a time of harvest as the summer was too dry and hot to grow crops all occasions of solemnity, all occasions of feast days, of the highest rank celebrating the mystery of faith, such as the tri-unity. Generally, fallow land was followed flooded and leached in spring and summer, and ploughed and sowed in the autumn and winter, while cultivated fields were harvested and threshed in the dry and hot spring and summer, following the relatively wet fall and winter. The Spring Equinox marked the beginning of the season when fallow land was washed to cleanse the soil of salt and impurities. The Autumn Equinox marked the beginning of harvest. For cultivated fields, the Spring Equinox marked the beginning of harvest, whereas the Autumn Equinox marked the fallowing season.The earliest known New Year's festival was celebrated in Babylon around 2000 B.C. in March during the vernal equinox. The celebration, as recorded on cuneiform tablets, lasted for 111 days and featured ritual bathing and hymn singing by priests, parying to Marduk for plentiful crops, parades with costumed dancers, seed-sowing ceremonies, and rubbing a beheaded ram against a shrine. The festival was called “Kuppura” ("Day of Atonement"). The Jewish holiday Yom Kippur also means "Day of Atonement."
I wish to think in terms of the number three, not a Trinity or even a triple deity that appears in three forms, sometimes referred to as threefold, tripled, triplicate, tripartite, triune or triadic, or as a trinity, it is simply the idea of three deities that are worshipped as one. Such deities are common throughout world mythology and the number three has a long history of mythical associations. Carl Jung considered the arrangement of deities into triplets an archetype in the history of religion


Anciently the concept of TRI-UNITY could have been celebrated at any point on the annual cycle but for the sake of simlicity let us attempt to make sence of the statement " I am the Alfa Omega" suggesting that the person who utters the words is declairing that they are the all. If the idea of a triplet is the minimum possible way to express the all in abstract language/logos then I offer the following ancient observation of the ecliptic, the cyclical nature of sun and moon and life in general as the backdrop to our idea that it takes the minimum of three points in space and time to define the all. Starting with the point we have named the winter solstice where we mark 9in space and time). the birth of the sun, which we name the first day, this day which is connected to the last day of the year which we name the death of the sun and the point where the sun appears to stand still, connecting the first and last days, connecting the A/Z which stand on either side of the day of the Dolman. This day we can call the liminal day, the threshold, the in-between life and death of a two dimensional view offered by sacred geometry and all religeon, the day when we are asked to make a leap of faith, where stands the Yoni "from the womb to the tomb". These three points, which are strictly speaking everywhere and nowhere in the spiral flow of time can be placed on the cross that devided the cycle into four seasons or eight. in three dimensional space I offer as the first the origin, the cause of all that has been said and recorded on the subject of metaphysical existence. An early example is the Trimūrti "three forms" of supreme divinity in Hinduism, in which the cosmic functions of creation, maintenance, and destruction are personified as a triad of deities. Typically, the designations are that of Brahma the creator, Vishnu the preserver, and Shiva the destroyer. The Om symbol of Hinduism is considered to have an allusion to Trimurti, where the A, U, and M phonemes of the word are considered to indicate creation, preservation and destruction, adding up to represent Brahman the all. The Tridevi is the trinity of goddess consorts for the Trimūrti..


The Eblaite calendar affixed a different name to every year that commemorated a great event. The year 2480 B.C., for example, is referred to as “ Dis mu til Mari ki” (the Year of the defeat of Mari). This is this is exactly 14 years after the said departure of Armenian Hayk from Babylon, the year 2494 B.C..

The conventional wisdom is that Sumerian cuneiform is the oldest writing system, used from 3,500 BCE at the earliest. Egyptian hieroglyphics are slightly later, 3,200 BCE. These are both similar in the sense that they are initially pictographic in nature (the sign is the word), around 2,300 BCE syllabary signs are used. Now each sign represented a discrete sound which could be compounded to create a unique word.