LIMINAL PHONEMES AS CONSONANT CLUSTER BR AND A VOWEL GLIDE AI
rta/rite (n.)
early 14c., "formal act or procedure of religious observance performed according to an established manner," from Latin ritus "custom, usage," especially "a religious observance or ceremony" (source also of Spanish, Italian rito), which perhaps is from PIE root *re- "to reason, count," on the notion of "to count; to observe carefully." Rite of passage (1909), marking the end of one phase and the start of another in an individual life, is translated from French rite de passage, coined by French anthropologist Arnold van Gennep (1873-1957).
The Nameless Day is, according to the ancient pagan calendar of Europe, the one day of the year when the world of mankind and the enigmatic world of the spirits touchThe nameless Day is the last day of the calendar, December 23rd, the day is known as The Nameless Day which is represented by the Mistletoe and symbolized by the black pearl. It falls outside the lunar calendar and represents the unshaped potential of all things, it can be seen as similar to the Fool card of Tarot and the blank stone that has been added to modern rune system
*rē-, Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to reason, count;" a variant of PIE root *ar-, also arə-, "to fit together."
It forms all or part of: Alfred; arraign; arithmetic; Conrad; dread; Eldred; Ethelred; hatred; hundred; kindred; logarithm; Ralph; rate (n.) "estimated value or worth;" rathskeller; ratify; ratio; ration; read; reason; rede; rhyme; riddle (n.1) "word-game;" rite; ritual.
It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by: Sanskrit radh- "to succeed, accomplish;" Greek arithmos "number, amount;" Latin reri "to consider, confirm, ratify," ritus "rite, religious custom;" Old Church Slavonic raditi "to take thought, attend to;" Old Irish im-radim "to deliberate, consider;" Old English rædan "to advise, counsel, persuade; read;" Old English, Old High German rim "number;" Old Irish rim "number," dorimu "I count."
Most of the ancient rites of passage can be separated and classified into five groups. Rite to Birthright, Rite to Adulthood, Rite to Marriage, Rite to Eldership and Rite to Ancestorship.
ritual (adj.) 1560s, "pertaining to or consisting of a rite or rites," from French ritual or directly from Latin ritualis "relating to (religious) rites," from ritus "religious observance or ceremony, custom, usage," (see rite). By 1630s as "done as or in the manner of a rite" (as in ritual murder, attested by 1896). Related: Ritually.
‘Things have to get worse before they can get better.’
With each passing day of autumn we lose daylight. However, as the Winter Solstice arrives, the shortest day arrives, and we gain more daylight going forward. Ancient people, saw this as the rebirth of the sun. This annual ebb and flow of daylight, between the two poles which define the Winter and Summer Solstices's.
In the Vedic religion, Ṛta (/ɹ̩tam/; Sanskrit ऋत ṛta "order, rule; truth; logos") is the principle of natural order which regulates and coordinates the operation of the universe and everything within it.[1][note 1] In the hymns of the Vedas, Ṛta is described as that which is ultimately responsible for the proper functioning of the natural, moral and sacrificial orders. Conceptually, it is closely allied to the injunctions and ordinances thought to uphold it, collectively referred to as Dharma, and the action of the individual in relation to those ordinances, referred to as Karma – two terms which eventually eclipsed Ṛta in importance as signifying natural, religious and moral order in later Hinduism.[2] Sanskrit scholar Maurice Bloomfield referred to Ṛta as "one of the most important religious conceptions of the Rigveda, going on to note that, "from the point of view of the history of religious ideas we may, in fact we must, begin the history of Hindu religion at least with the history of this conception".A life cycle ritual is a ceremony to mark a change in a person's biological or social status at various phases throughout life. Such practices are found in many societies and are often based on traditions of a community. Life cycle rituals may also have religious significance that is stemmed from different ideals and beliefs.
Most of the ancient rites of passage can be separated and classified into five groups. Rite to Birthright, Rite to Adulthood, Rite to Marriage, Rite to Eldership and Rite to Ancestorship.
A life cycle ritual can best be described as a ceremony undergone by an individual when he or she enters one phase of life to another. The term may be synonymous with ‘rite of passage’ as described by Arnold van Gennep in his 1909 work ‘Rite of Passage’. although can be described as more specifically to do with major biological life events such as birth, adolescence, marriage and death. Van Gennep described society as being composed of “…several disparate social groupings”Rites of passage have three phases: separation, liminality, and incorporation, as van Gennep described. "I propose to call the rites of separation from a previous world, preliminal rites, those executed during the transitional stage liminal (or threshold) rites, and the ceremonies of incorporation into the new world postliminal rites."
THE DAY OF THE DIPHTHONG AI AND THE CONSONANT CLUSTER BR
THE NAMELESS DAY
Most of the ancient rites of passage can be separated and classified into five groups. Rite to Birthright, Rite to Adulthood, Rite to Marriage, Rite to Eldership and Rite to Ancestorship.
A life cycle ritual can best be described as a ceremony undergone by an individual when he or she enters one phase of life to another. The term may be synonymous with ‘rite of passage’ as described by Arnold van Gennep in his 1909 work ‘Rite of Passage’. although can be described as more specifically to do with major biological life events such as birth, adolescence, marriage and death. Van Gennep described society as being composed of “…several disparate social groupings”Rites of passage have three phases: separation, liminality, and incorporation, as van Gennep described. "I propose to call the rites of separation from a previous world, preliminal rites, those executed during the transitional stage liminal (or threshold) rites, and the ceremonies of incorporation into the new world postliminal rites."
THE DAY OF THE DIPHTHONG AI AND THE CONSONANT CLUSTER BR
THE NAMELESS DAY
‘Things have to get worse before they can get better.’
With each passing day of autumn we lose daylight. However, as the Winter Solstice arrives, the shortest day arrives, and we gain more daylight going forward. Ancient people, saw this as the rebirth of the sun. This annual ebb and flow of daylight, between the two poles which define the Winter and Summer Solstices's.
For the Celts, to give one example as poetry transmitted in time to the present, we understand that what we know as Christmas holly trees had a place in their rituals (rites of passage) marking these two poles, each of which alternately indicate when the sun is at its greatest distance from the equator.
In Celtic mythology the Oak King and the Holly King _ (The Terebinth is mentioned in the Bible several times as a holy tree and a place for sacrifice. Sacrifices were being done under Terebinth trees and God’s angel shows himself to Gideon under the Terebinth tree (Judges, 6 11). The identification of today’s Terebinth with the biblical Terebinth is certain.) - were said to be twins, pitted against each other in a never-ending fight for supremacy. Oak Tress, sacred to the Celts, lose their leaves, while the Christmas holly trees are evergreen. As cold weather approached, the Celts marveled at how the evergreen Christmas holly trees, hidden amongst the leafy oaks the rest of the year, now stood out prominently on an otherwise barren landscape. The Holly King had won out, as it were, as the incarnations of his twin brother had shed all their leaves and stood naked in defeat.
In Celtic mythology the Oak King and the Holly King _ (The Terebinth is mentioned in the Bible several times as a holy tree and a place for sacrifice. Sacrifices were being done under Terebinth trees and God’s angel shows himself to Gideon under the Terebinth tree (Judges, 6 11). The identification of today’s Terebinth with the biblical Terebinth is certain.) - were said to be twins, pitted against each other in a never-ending fight for supremacy. Oak Tress, sacred to the Celts, lose their leaves, while the Christmas holly trees are evergreen. As cold weather approached, the Celts marveled at how the evergreen Christmas holly trees, hidden amongst the leafy oaks the rest of the year, now stood out prominently on an otherwise barren landscape. The Holly King had won out, as it were, as the incarnations of his twin brother had shed all their leaves and stood naked in defeat.
Druids celebrated this day, this one day that falls outside the 28 day 13 month moon based calendar, this day that we call the winter solstice on the sun based calendar, is celebrated as 'The Day Of The Feast Of Potentials'. This was and still is a holy day, the day of the winter solstice, which is attributed to the elder, but more importantly to the mistletoe. With the Druids we go far back into our Pagan origins when we consider the ritual meaning of the Mistletoe. The mistletoe is not a tree but a parasitic plant that grows on a willow, an apple as well as some other species. The Mistletoe was sacred (sacred within the rites related to the Sun cycle) and though it was used for healing, (a magical plant, good for the heart,) it was also a very poisonous plant. Thus it became a symbol of everlasting life through death. Roman author Pliny wrote in the first century CE that the “Druids hold nothing more sacred than mistletoe and the tree on which it is growing.”
This day is the longest night of the year, and Pagans celebrated or prayed for the return of the sun, the hope was for the rebirth of the sun, for longer days to come.
At the Summer Solstice the Holly King representing the coming of winter, (shorter days, longer nights) and the Oak King representing the coming summer, ( longer days shorter nights) signified the struggle between 'light and dark'. At the summer solstice, a struggle takes place between the Oak and the Terabinth, representing the concept of 'Death in Life'. After 182 days the Terabinth King that took over from the Oak king dies and is placed in a tomb/womb, this on the day with no name but great potential, for after the death comes the rebirth represented by the return of the sun when the days start getting longer, referred to as 'Life in Death' by Aphrodite's lover, Apollonian Kinaras. This is in the northern hemisphere, for in the southern hemisphere they are celebrating Summer Solstice/Midsummer, and the Holly King wins the semiannual battle).
The Winter Solstice when it falls out as the one day outside the thirteen month calendar is called the 'Nameless Day' in the Druidic/Celtic calendar because it is considered the day between the old year and the new year. The day is represented by the Elder Tree and mistletoe. (If you have ever heard the term "a year and a day" - this is where it comes from, as the Nameless Day is the "and a day" part of the expression).
The day after the winter solstice is the extra day of the year in the expression ‘a year and a day,’ added to the lunar year to make it even with the solar. It lies outside the tree-months, and is associated with the mistletoe or all-heal (Ychelwydd), but that is not its name. It has no name because it is a time set apart, like the newly reborn witch, and sun god, she has no name as yet.
Her name, like that of the newly reborn Oak King, will be assigned on Modranacht, the Night of the Mothers (i.e. the fates), which the Christians appropriated as Christmas Eve. For one’s name in a pagan sense is the expression or embodiment of one’s destiny, and on Modranacht the destiny of the reborn Oak King is foretold, and the witch scries her own destiny for the year to come through divination.
This Nameless Day after Yule is the most sacred day in the year for Celtic witches, and if possible, it should be spent quietly in solitary meditation, so the witch can experience in her own person the mystery of rebirth. This is the secret referred to in The Song of Amergin, which runs “Who but I knows the secret of the unhewn dolmen?” For dolmens marked the womb-like graves of heroes, and as yet there is no name carved there. Now we have come full circle around the Wheel of the Year, and we see the journey differently than when we started.
"The Wisdom of the Trees"
Why the one day remains completely unaccounted for in the Celtic Calendar, that is December 23rd, is known as the "Nameless Day." This is the extra day that features in so many folk tales where the story takes place over a year and a day. That is the 28 days per month plus one day gives us a year of 365 days.
Poetically speaking, this was the day after the Sun*King of the Waning Year had died and the new King of the Waxing Year was not yet born. This was the day the romans called the winter solstice (meaning the day the sun stands still) It was for the Druids the custom to fast to appease the goddess in her darkest aspect on this day, so that she would permit the sun to return to the world and the cycle of the year to recommence. It is also the day that priesthoods from the neolithic on suggested had the potential to resurrect.
The day it is said has no tree named after it, nor has it a name yet the day is said to be sacred to Morrigan, a goddess of death and destruction. She appears in Arthurian legend as Morgan le Faye, a sister of King Arthur. 'le Faye' means 'the Fate'. This dark queen took the form of a raven and was feared and respected by everyone.
This day, some call the darkest of days only appeased they say the Dark Queen known as Milesian Scota or Scotia, ('The Dark One') who originated in the second millennium BC in the Mediterranean all Apollonian.There is a regular row of dolmens in Slieve Mis which stand between two baetyls with Ogham markings, which were sacred to the Milesian Goddess Scotia who is said to be buried there; alternately in the account of Borlase 'Bera' is the Queen who was known as the Hag of Beara, who came from Spain. is buried there. Bera was a well-known Greek title, also signified the Sea Goddess of Cyprus and her son Adonis, or Heracles of Greece, who came via Spain to Ireland and superimposed themselves on the already existing oak-cult.
Having brought up the oak-cult, I reflect on the idea in the rites of passage to the meaning of the Dolmen. Graves tells us that a Dolmen is a burial chamber, a womb and or a tomb, consisting of a cap-stone supported on two or more uprights, in which a dead hero is buried in a crouched position like a foetus in the womb, awaiting rebirth. Also in the Spiral Castle, again a passage-burial, the entrance to the inner chamber is very narrow and low. The Dolmen were used (according to Prof. W. H. R. Rivers) as a sacred passage through which the totem-clan initiate crawls in a ritualized ceremony of rebirth. It is very likely that the dolmen were used for the same purpose in ancient Britain, for Gwion is both recounting the phases of his past existence and announcing the phases of his future existence.
This third day of Solstice was referred to as “Nameless Day” and the “Feast of Potentials” (also known as the “Secret of the Unhewn Stone”). In some traditions, it was a stand-alone day, not associated with any lunar month. Those born on this date were said to have strong intuitive senses and healing abilities.
According to a post in Magical Recipes Online the third day of Solstice “… was (and still is) a Holy day attributed only to Mistletoe, the Winter’s equivalent to Oak. Both were considered equally powerful like Yin and Yang, Light and Darkness. There was a powerful Druid ceremony called “the Ritual of Oak and Mistletoe”, in which Druids climbed a sacred oak and cut the mistletoe growing on it.” The Nameless Day was believed to have powers of change, and Mistletoe’s berries were believed to embody the essence of the Gods and Goddesses. It was also considered a powerful element in spells against darkness.The sun stand still only when we translate into English, the world solstice which comes from the Latin word solstitium, meaning "sun standing still". Scientifically speaking it suggest that a brief pause is observed as the sun reaches its most extreme point s (at the winter and summer solstices as experienced on Earth) before its direction of travel is reversed.
Over the valley of Aijalon. AYA/AI/YOD DIPHTHONG. again the sun stood still.
"On the day the Lord gave the Amorites over to Israel, Joshua said to the Lord in the presence of Israel: "O sun, stand still over Gibeon, O moon, over the Valley of Aijalon." So the sun stood still, and the moon stopped, till the nation avenged itself on its enemies, as it is written in the Book of Jashar. The skeptic reads Joshua and finds that only 23 hours and 40 minutes were lost when Joshua made the sun stand still. "If the Bible made a mistake of forty minutes, it is not the Book of God!" Totten points out that the Bible didn't say that a whole day was lost at the time of Joshua.
The Eightfold Wheel of the Year
Basing itself on this deep and mysterious connection between the Source of our individual lives and the source of the life of the planet, Druidry recognises eight particular times during the yearly cycle which are significant and which are marked by eight special festivals.Megalith tombs represent the entrance, the passage to rebirth and the world beyond. Changes in burial habits indicate changes in society and in its ideology.
A dolmen (/ˈdɒlmɛn/) is a type of single-chamber megalithic tomb, usually consisting of two or more vertical megaliths supporting a large flat horizontal capstone or "table". Most date from the early Neolithic (4000–3000 BC) and were sometimes covered with earth or smaller stones to form a tumulus. Small pad-stones may be wedged between the cap and supporting stones to achieve a level appearance.
The word tumulus is Latin for 'mound' or 'small hill', which is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *teuh2- with extended zero grade *tum-, 'to bulge, swell' also found in tomb. The method of inhumation may involve a dolmen, a cist, a mortuary enclosure, a mortuary house, or a chamber tomb.
According to the Oxford English Dictionary, liminal (adj.), in its rare usage, is: “Of or pertaining to the threshold or initial stage of a process.
Liminal space is a place of transition, a threshold between two points, signaling the end of one time or space, and the beginning of another. At a boundary or transitional point between two conditions, stages in a process, ways of life.BARDO: In some schools of Buddhism, bardo (Classical Tibetan: བར་དོ་ Wylie: bar do) or antarābhava (Sanskrit, Chinese and Japanese: 中有, romanized in Chinese as zhōng yǒu and in Japanese as chū'u)[ is an intermediate, transitional, or liminal state.
The concept of antarābhava, an intervening state between death and rebirth, was brought into Buddhism from the Vedic-Upanishadic (later Hindu) philosophical tradition. between death and rebirth.
Liminality In time and space "Between-ness" defines these spaces.
The temporal dimension of liminality can relate to a moment (sudden events), a period (a week, a month, or a year), and epochs (decades, generations, maybe even centuries).
Twilight serves as a liminal time, between day and night—where one is "in the twilight zone, in a liminal nether region of the night". The Twilight Zone describing it as "the middle ground between light and shadow, The name is from an actual zone observable from space in the place where daylight or shadow advances or retreats about the Earth. Noon and, more often, midnight can be considered liminal, the first transitioning between morning and afternoon, the latter between days.
Within the years, liminal times include equinoxes when day and night have equal length, and solstices, when the increase of day or night shifts over to its decrease. This "qualitative bounding of quantitatively unbounded phenomena" marks the cyclical changes of seasons throughout the year. Where the quarter days are held to mark the change in seasons, they also are liminal times. New Year's Day, whatever its connection or lack of one to the astrological sky, is a liminal time. Customs such as fortune-telling take advantage of this liminal state. In a number of cultures, actions and events on the first day of the year can determine the year, leading to such beliefs as first-foot. Many cultures regard it as a time especially prone to hauntings by ghosts—liminal beings, neither alive nor dead.
The spatial dimension of liminality can include specific places, larger zones or areas, or entire countries and larger regions.[49] Liminal places can range from borders and frontiers to no man's lands and disputed territories, to crossroads to perhaps airports, hotels, and bathrooms. Sociologist Eva Illouz argues that all "romantic travel enacts the three stages that characterize liminality: separation, marginalization, and reaggregation".
In mythology and religion or esoteric lore liminality can include such realms as Purgatory or Da'at, which, as well as signifying liminality, some theologians deny actually existing, making them, in some cases, doubly liminal. "Between-ness" defines these spaces. For a hotel worker (an insider) or a person passing by with disinterest (a total outsider), the hotel would have a very different connotation. To a traveller staying there, the hotel would function as a liminal zone, just as "doors and windows and hallways and gates frame...the definitively liminal condition".
More conventionally, springs, caves, shores, rivers, volcanic calderas—"a huge crater of an extinct volcano...[as] another symbol of transcendence"]—fords, passes, crossroads, bridges, and marshes are all liminal: "'edges', borders or faultlines between the legitimate and the illegitimate". Oedipus met his father at the crossroads and killed him; the bluesman Robert Johnson met the devil at the crossroads, where he is said to have sold his soul.
In language/speech the phoneme and in time the letter that signifies the liminal is the Y, the Yodh (also spelled jodh, yod, or jod) is the tenth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician Yōd
/𐤉, Hebrew Yōd י, Aramaic Yod 
, Syriac Yōḏ ܝ, and Arabic Yāʾ ي. Its sound value is /j/ in all languages for which it is used; in many languages, it also serves as a long vowel, representing /iː/. The pronunciation of the letter Yod in both Biblical and modern Hebrew, represented by a palatal approximant ([j]). As a mater lectionis, it represents the vowel [i]. At the end of words with a vowel or when marked with a sh'va nach, it represents the formation of a diphthong, such as /ei/, /ai/, or /oi/. This fact is the most relevant for it supports my theory that its origin is from the early age of the syllabic when the vowels and consonants were positioned in a circle which represented cyclical eternal time and space and the sigil A represented birth and the sigil I represented death, they met at the winter solstice when the sun stood still for three days and together as a diphthong or a glide came to represent what is today named the liminal point. The consonants B for the breakthrough and the eternally flowing R also met at the same point of the solstice and gave PIE the snake eating its tail, the ouro-boros the ancient symbol of a serpent eating its own tail, variously signifying infinity and the cycle of birth and death as well as the word in Greek Para which I posit is simply signifies the liminal space in time and where everything else seems to originate.
The term yod is often used to refer to the speech sound [j], a palatal approximant, even in discussions of languages not written in Semitic abjads, as in phonological phenomena such as English "yod-dropping". It is believed that the Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek Iota (Ι), Latin I and J, Cyrillic І, Coptic iauda (Ⲓ) and Gothic eis. I believe that the origin goes back to about 2500 BCE when the syllabic phonetic abtract beginning has to be placed and there we have a priori syllabic language called Armenian was being constructed which survives today, where the vowel glide ai/այ signifies the liminal.
This day is the longest night of the year, and Pagans celebrated or prayed for the return of the sun, the hope was for the rebirth of the sun, for longer days to come.
At the Summer Solstice the Holly King representing the coming of winter, (shorter days, longer nights) and the Oak King representing the coming summer, ( longer days shorter nights) signified the struggle between 'light and dark'. At the summer solstice, a struggle takes place between the Oak and the Terabinth, representing the concept of 'Death in Life'. After 182 days the Terabinth King that took over from the Oak king dies and is placed in a tomb/womb, this on the day with no name but great potential, for after the death comes the rebirth represented by the return of the sun when the days start getting longer, referred to as 'Life in Death' by Aphrodite's lover, Apollonian Kinaras. This is in the northern hemisphere, for in the southern hemisphere they are celebrating Summer Solstice/Midsummer, and the Holly King wins the semiannual battle).
The Winter Solstice when it falls out as the one day outside the thirteen month calendar is called the 'Nameless Day' in the Druidic/Celtic calendar because it is considered the day between the old year and the new year. The day is represented by the Elder Tree and mistletoe. (If you have ever heard the term "a year and a day" - this is where it comes from, as the Nameless Day is the "and a day" part of the expression).
The day after the winter solstice is the extra day of the year in the expression ‘a year and a day,’ added to the lunar year to make it even with the solar. It lies outside the tree-months, and is associated with the mistletoe or all-heal (Ychelwydd), but that is not its name. It has no name because it is a time set apart, like the newly reborn witch, and sun god, she has no name as yet.
Her name, like that of the newly reborn Oak King, will be assigned on Modranacht, the Night of the Mothers (i.e. the fates), which the Christians appropriated as Christmas Eve. For one’s name in a pagan sense is the expression or embodiment of one’s destiny, and on Modranacht the destiny of the reborn Oak King is foretold, and the witch scries her own destiny for the year to come through divination.
This Nameless Day after Yule is the most sacred day in the year for Celtic witches, and if possible, it should be spent quietly in solitary meditation, so the witch can experience in her own person the mystery of rebirth. This is the secret referred to in The Song of Amergin, which runs “Who but I knows the secret of the unhewn dolmen?” For dolmens marked the womb-like graves of heroes, and as yet there is no name carved there. Now we have come full circle around the Wheel of the Year, and we see the journey differently than when we started.
"The Wisdom of the Trees"
Why the one day remains completely unaccounted for in the Celtic Calendar, that is December 23rd, is known as the "Nameless Day." This is the extra day that features in so many folk tales where the story takes place over a year and a day. That is the 28 days per month plus one day gives us a year of 365 days.
Poetically speaking, this was the day after the Sun*King of the Waning Year had died and the new King of the Waxing Year was not yet born. This was the day the romans called the winter solstice (meaning the day the sun stands still) It was for the Druids the custom to fast to appease the goddess in her darkest aspect on this day, so that she would permit the sun to return to the world and the cycle of the year to recommence. It is also the day that priesthoods from the neolithic on suggested had the potential to resurrect.
The day it is said has no tree named after it, nor has it a name yet the day is said to be sacred to Morrigan, a goddess of death and destruction. She appears in Arthurian legend as Morgan le Faye, a sister of King Arthur. 'le Faye' means 'the Fate'. This dark queen took the form of a raven and was feared and respected by everyone.
This day, some call the darkest of days only appeased they say the Dark Queen known as Milesian Scota or Scotia, ('The Dark One') who originated in the second millennium BC in the Mediterranean all Apollonian.There is a regular row of dolmens in Slieve Mis which stand between two baetyls with Ogham markings, which were sacred to the Milesian Goddess Scotia who is said to be buried there; alternately in the account of Borlase 'Bera' is the Queen who was known as the Hag of Beara, who came from Spain. is buried there. Bera was a well-known Greek title, also signified the Sea Goddess of Cyprus and her son Adonis, or Heracles of Greece, who came via Spain to Ireland and superimposed themselves on the already existing oak-cult.
Having brought up the oak-cult, I reflect on the idea in the rites of passage to the meaning of the Dolmen. Graves tells us that a Dolmen is a burial chamber, a womb and or a tomb, consisting of a cap-stone supported on two or more uprights, in which a dead hero is buried in a crouched position like a foetus in the womb, awaiting rebirth. Also in the Spiral Castle, again a passage-burial, the entrance to the inner chamber is very narrow and low. The Dolmen were used (according to Prof. W. H. R. Rivers) as a sacred passage through which the totem-clan initiate crawls in a ritualized ceremony of rebirth. It is very likely that the dolmen were used for the same purpose in ancient Britain, for Gwion is both recounting the phases of his past existence and announcing the phases of his future existence.
This third day of Solstice was referred to as “Nameless Day” and the “Feast of Potentials” (also known as the “Secret of the Unhewn Stone”). In some traditions, it was a stand-alone day, not associated with any lunar month. Those born on this date were said to have strong intuitive senses and healing abilities.
According to a post in Magical Recipes Online the third day of Solstice “… was (and still is) a Holy day attributed only to Mistletoe, the Winter’s equivalent to Oak. Both were considered equally powerful like Yin and Yang, Light and Darkness. There was a powerful Druid ceremony called “the Ritual of Oak and Mistletoe”, in which Druids climbed a sacred oak and cut the mistletoe growing on it.” The Nameless Day was believed to have powers of change, and Mistletoe’s berries were believed to embody the essence of the Gods and Goddesses. It was also considered a powerful element in spells against darkness.The sun stand still only when we translate into English, the world solstice which comes from the Latin word solstitium, meaning "sun standing still". Scientifically speaking it suggest that a brief pause is observed as the sun reaches its most extreme point s (at the winter and summer solstices as experienced on Earth) before its direction of travel is reversed.
Over the valley of Aijalon. AYA/AI/YOD DIPHTHONG. again the sun stood still.
"On the day the Lord gave the Amorites over to Israel, Joshua said to the Lord in the presence of Israel: "O sun, stand still over Gibeon, O moon, over the Valley of Aijalon." So the sun stood still, and the moon stopped, till the nation avenged itself on its enemies, as it is written in the Book of Jashar. The skeptic reads Joshua and finds that only 23 hours and 40 minutes were lost when Joshua made the sun stand still. "If the Bible made a mistake of forty minutes, it is not the Book of God!" Totten points out that the Bible didn't say that a whole day was lost at the time of Joshua.
The Eightfold Wheel of the Year
Basing itself on this deep and mysterious connection between the Source of our individual lives and the source of the life of the planet, Druidry recognises eight particular times during the yearly cycle which are significant and which are marked by eight special festivals.Megalith tombs represent the entrance, the passage to rebirth and the world beyond. Changes in burial habits indicate changes in society and in its ideology.
A dolmen (/ˈdɒlmɛn/) is a type of single-chamber megalithic tomb, usually consisting of two or more vertical megaliths supporting a large flat horizontal capstone or "table". Most date from the early Neolithic (4000–3000 BC) and were sometimes covered with earth or smaller stones to form a tumulus. Small pad-stones may be wedged between the cap and supporting stones to achieve a level appearance.
The word tumulus is Latin for 'mound' or 'small hill', which is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *teuh2- with extended zero grade *tum-, 'to bulge, swell' also found in tomb. The method of inhumation may involve a dolmen, a cist, a mortuary enclosure, a mortuary house, or a chamber tomb.
According to the Oxford English Dictionary, liminal (adj.), in its rare usage, is: “Of or pertaining to the threshold or initial stage of a process.
Liminal space is a place of transition, a threshold between two points, signaling the end of one time or space, and the beginning of another. At a boundary or transitional point between two conditions, stages in a process, ways of life.BARDO: In some schools of Buddhism, bardo (Classical Tibetan: བར་དོ་ Wylie: bar do) or antarābhava (Sanskrit, Chinese and Japanese: 中有, romanized in Chinese as zhōng yǒu and in Japanese as chū'u)[ is an intermediate, transitional, or liminal state.
The concept of antarābhava, an intervening state between death and rebirth, was brought into Buddhism from the Vedic-Upanishadic (later Hindu) philosophical tradition. between death and rebirth.
Liminality In time and space "Between-ness" defines these spaces.
The temporal dimension of liminality can relate to a moment (sudden events), a period (a week, a month, or a year), and epochs (decades, generations, maybe even centuries).
Twilight serves as a liminal time, between day and night—where one is "in the twilight zone, in a liminal nether region of the night". The Twilight Zone describing it as "the middle ground between light and shadow, The name is from an actual zone observable from space in the place where daylight or shadow advances or retreats about the Earth. Noon and, more often, midnight can be considered liminal, the first transitioning between morning and afternoon, the latter between days.
Within the years, liminal times include equinoxes when day and night have equal length, and solstices, when the increase of day or night shifts over to its decrease. This "qualitative bounding of quantitatively unbounded phenomena" marks the cyclical changes of seasons throughout the year. Where the quarter days are held to mark the change in seasons, they also are liminal times. New Year's Day, whatever its connection or lack of one to the astrological sky, is a liminal time. Customs such as fortune-telling take advantage of this liminal state. In a number of cultures, actions and events on the first day of the year can determine the year, leading to such beliefs as first-foot. Many cultures regard it as a time especially prone to hauntings by ghosts—liminal beings, neither alive nor dead.
The spatial dimension of liminality can include specific places, larger zones or areas, or entire countries and larger regions.[49] Liminal places can range from borders and frontiers to no man's lands and disputed territories, to crossroads to perhaps airports, hotels, and bathrooms. Sociologist Eva Illouz argues that all "romantic travel enacts the three stages that characterize liminality: separation, marginalization, and reaggregation".
In mythology and religion or esoteric lore liminality can include such realms as Purgatory or Da'at, which, as well as signifying liminality, some theologians deny actually existing, making them, in some cases, doubly liminal. "Between-ness" defines these spaces. For a hotel worker (an insider) or a person passing by with disinterest (a total outsider), the hotel would have a very different connotation. To a traveller staying there, the hotel would function as a liminal zone, just as "doors and windows and hallways and gates frame...the definitively liminal condition".
More conventionally, springs, caves, shores, rivers, volcanic calderas—"a huge crater of an extinct volcano...[as] another symbol of transcendence"]—fords, passes, crossroads, bridges, and marshes are all liminal: "'edges', borders or faultlines between the legitimate and the illegitimate". Oedipus met his father at the crossroads and killed him; the bluesman Robert Johnson met the devil at the crossroads, where he is said to have sold his soul.
In language/speech the phoneme and in time the letter that signifies the liminal is the Y, the Yodh (also spelled jodh, yod, or jod) is the tenth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician Yōd
/𐤉, Hebrew Yōd י, Aramaic Yod , Syriac Yōḏ ܝ, and Arabic Yāʾ ي. Its sound value is /j/ in all languages for which it is used; in many languages, it also serves as a long vowel, representing /iː/. The pronunciation of the letter Yod in both Biblical and modern Hebrew, represented by a palatal approximant ([j]). As a mater lectionis, it represents the vowel [i]. At the end of words with a vowel or when marked with a sh'va nach, it represents the formation of a diphthong, such as /ei/, /ai/, or /oi/. This fact is the most relevant for it supports my theory that its origin is from the early age of the syllabic when the vowels and consonants were positioned in a circle which represented cyclical eternal time and space and the sigil A represented birth and the sigil I represented death, they met at the winter solstice when the sun stood still for three days and together as a diphthong or a glide came to represent what is today named the liminal point. The consonants B for the breakthrough and the eternally flowing R also met at the same point of the solstice and gave PIE the snake eating its tail, the ouro-boros the ancient symbol of a serpent eating its own tail, variously signifying infinity and the cycle of birth and death as well as the word in Greek Para which I posit is simply signifies the liminal space in time and where everything else seems to originate. The term yod is often used to refer to the speech sound [j], a palatal approximant, even in discussions of languages not written in Semitic abjads, as in phonological phenomena such as English "yod-dropping". It is believed that the Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek Iota (Ι), Latin I and J, Cyrillic І, Coptic iauda (Ⲓ) and Gothic eis. I believe that the origin goes back to about 2500 BCE when the syllabic phonetic abtract beginning has to be placed and there we have a priori syllabic language called Armenian was being constructed which survives today, where the vowel glide ai/այ signifies the liminal.
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