.SUMERIAN ASTRONOMY

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"The first of the signs is Arctos, which, fixed on the pole, rotates with its seven stars revolving around it. Its name is Greek (i.e. arktos, 'bear'), and in Latin it is called the Bear (Ursa). Because it turns like a wagon, we call it the Septentriones (i.e. septem, 'seven' + triones). For triones, strictly speaking, are plowing oxen, so called because they tread (terere) the soil, as if the word were teriones. Their proximity to the pole causes them not to set, because they are on the pole.” [The Etymologies of Isidore of Seville, 7th century AD, p.104.]

[Isidore sees a link between the words Taurus and Latin terra, earth. The plowing oxen are treading (terere) the earth (not the planet earth?).]

Ursa Major represents the Great Mother Bear, and the adjacent constellation, Ursa Minor, represents her son Arcas. Little bear cubs are born very small, about 500th of the mother's weight (essentially an embryo, not a foetus), and in legend it was believed that it was born as a shapeless lump of flesh which the mother bear (Ursa Major) shapes into its proper form by licking it, and this is said be the origin of the expression 'to lick into shape'; to give proper form to.

The first formal compendium of star lists are the Three Stars Each texts appearing from about the 12th century BC. They represent a tripartite division of the heavens: the northern hemisphere belonged to Enlil, the equator belonged to Anu, and the southern hemisphere belonged to Ea/Enki. The boundaries were at 17 degrees North and South, so that the Sun spent exactly three consecutive months in each third. The enumeration of stars in the Three Stars Each catalogs includes 36 stars, three for each month. The determiner glyph for "constellation" or "star" in these lists is MUL (𒀯, in origin a pictograph of three stars, as it were a triplet of AN signs (the Pleiades are referred to as a "star cluster" or "star of stars" in the lists, written as MUL.MUL).

The Babylonian star catalogues entered Greek astronomy in the 4th century BC, via Eudoxus of Cnidus and others. A few of the constellation names in use in modern astronomy can be traced to Babylonian sources via Greek astronomy. Among the most ancient constellations are those that marked the four cardinal points of the year in the Middle Bronze Age, i.e.
Taurus "The Bull", from GU4.AN.NA "The Steer of Heaven", marking vernal equinox
Leo "The Lion", from UR.GU.LA "The Lion", marking summer solstice
Scorpius "The Scorpion", from GIR.TAB "The Scorpion", marking autumn equinox
Capricornus "Goat-Horned", from SUḪUR.MAŠ "The Goat-Fish", marking winter solstice.
It is a mythological hybrid depicted on boundary stones from before 2000 BC as a symbol of Ea.

Zodiacal constellations

The path of the Moon as given in MUL.APIN consists of 17 or 18 stations, recognizable as the direct predecessor of the twelve-sign zodiac. Note that the beginning of the list with MUL.MUL "Pleiades" corresponds to the situation in the Early to Middle Bronze Age when the Sun at vernal equinox was close to the Pleiades in Taurus(closest in the 23rd century BC), and not yet in Aries.^[3][4]

1. MUL.MUL zappu "The Star Cluster (Star of Stars)/"The Bristle" (Pleiades)
2. ^MULGU₄.AN.NA alû/is lê "The Bull of Heaven" (Taurus/Hyades)
3. ^MULSIPA.ZI.AN.NA šitaddaru/šidallu "The Loyal Shepherd of Heaven" (Orion)
4. ^MULŠU.GI šību "The Old One" (Perseus)
5. ^MULZUBI/^MULGÀM gamlu "The Scimitar"/"The Crook" (Auriga)
6. ^MULMAŠ.TAB.BA(.GAL.GAL) māšu/tū'āmū rabûtu "The (Great) Twins" (Gemini)
7. ^MULAL.LUL alluttu "The Crayfish" (Cancer)
8. ^MUL UR.GU.LA/ ^MUL UR.MAḪ  urgulû / rage  "The Lion" ( Leo )
9. ^MULAB.SÍN absinnu/šer'u "The Seed-Furrow" (Virgo)
10. ^MULZI.BA.AN.NA/^MULGIŠ.ÉRIN zibānītu "The Scales" (Libra)
11. ^MULGÍR.TAB zuqaqīpu "The Scorpion" (Scorpius)
12. ^MULPA.BÍL.SAG pabilsag "The God Pabilsag/The Overseer" (Sagittarius)
13. ^MULSUḪUR.MÁŠ(.KU₆) suḫurmāšu "The Goat-Fish" (Capricorn)
14. ^MULGU.LA ṣinundu/ku-ur-ku/rammanu "The Great One" (Aquarius)
15. ^MULKUN.^MEŠ/^MULZIB.ME zibbātu/zibbāt sinūnūtu "The Tails" (Pisces)
16. ^MULŠÍM.MAḪ šinūnūtu "The Great Swallow" (SW Pisces and Epsilon Pegasi)
17. ^MULA.NU.NI.TUM/^MULLU.LIM anunītu/lulīmu "The Goddess Anunitu/The Stag" (NE Pisces and Andromeda)
18. ^MUL(LÚ.)ḪUŊ(.GÁ) agru "The Agrarian Worker" (Aries)

The "Tail" and the "Swallow" (15 and 16 above) have also been read as a single constellation the "Tail of the Swallow" (Pisces), whence the uncertainty whether the "zodiac" consists of 17 or 18 constellations. All constellations of the Iron Age twelve-sign zodiac are present among them, most of them with names that clearly identify them, while some ("Furrow" for Virgo, Pabilsag for Sagittarius, "Great One" for Aquarius, "Swallow Tail" for Pisces and "Agrarian Worker" for Aries) reached Greek astronomy with altered names.

For Virgo, and for her main star Spica, Babylonian precedents are present. The MUL.APIN associates Absin "The Furrow" with the Sumer goddess Shala, and Shala is conventionally depicted as holding a length of grain on boundary stones of the Kassite era. Regarding Sagittarius, Pabilsag is a comparatively obscure Sumerian god, later identified with Ninurta. Another name for the constellation was Nebu "The Soldier". Aquarius "The Water-Pourer" represents Ea himself, dubbed "The Great One" in the MUL.APIN. It contained the winter solstice in the Early Bronze Age. In the Greek tradition, he became represented as simply a single vase from which a stream poured down to Piscis Austrinus. The name in the Hindu zodiac is likewise kumbha "water-pitcher", showing that the zodiac reached India via Greek intermediaries.
The current definition of Pisces is the youngest of the zodiacal constellations.
The "Swallow" of Babylonian astronomy included the western fish, but was larger as it included as well parts of Pegasus. 
The square of Pegasus was the constellation of the "field" (shown in the Dendera zodiac between the two fishes). 
The northern fish and part of Andromeda was the goddess Anunitum. 
Late Babylonian sources mention also DU.NU.NU "The Fish-Cord".
It is unclear how the "Agrarian Worker" of the MUL.APIN became Aries "The Ram" of Greek tradition, possibly via association with Dumuzi the Shepherd.

Somewhere around the fifth century B.C., Babylonian astronomical texts began to describe the positions of the Sun, Moon, and planets in terms of 12 equal signs, each one associated with a zodiacal constellation and divided into 30 degrees (uš). This normalized zodiac is fixed to the stars and totals 360°.

Age of Pisces - Anunnaki Gods

The Age of Pisces is considered by some as the Age of Christianity, inasmuch as the 2160 years sometimes allotted to an age coincides reasonably well with that religion's tenure on Earth. However from a broader point of view, all the Ages were/are tied to specific deities of ancient Sumerian notoriety.

We know that Enki, the Sumerian god of wisdom, and the alleged true father of mankind, is associated with the planet Neptune, which astrologically rules the sign of Pisces. It is thought that Enki might have been the original on Earth, in an earlier Age. Enki could have prior rights to this portion of Earth's Grand Cycle.  In this respect, the Age of Pisces can be thought of as the Age of Enki. The supposition is that, if the Anunnaki, Enki and Enlil, and all the rest are in fact the Gods and Goddesses of the ancient world, and if they rule the Earth with precedence given to the god to whom the Age belongs, then for the last 4500 years, Enki has been very influential of Earth.

This would also imply that during the prior Age of Aries the Age was ruled by Mars, the god of war. Aries is very much a male (macho) sign, and is likely to have been a time when the aggressive male energy dominated affairs. This might best be illustrated by the reign of Marduk in Babylon. Marduk is traditionally associated with Mars, and his reign, primarily from Babylon would have occurred after the fall of the Sumerian civilization starting with Haigs departure 2500 B.C.E.. 

Just prior to the Age of Aries is the Age of Taurus. Taurus is very much a female sign, and implies an Age ruled by the Goddess. This was also the time when Alpha Draconis was being recognized as the pole star. This is noteworthy in that in most goddess cultures, the dragon is considered the defender of the feminine. This is also why Saint George allegedly slaying the dragon is but a metaphor for the patriarchy's ascent over the prior matriarchal cultures - described more fully in Astrology According to the Goddess and the goddess, Inanna's Descent into Hades). However, because the Anunnaki is a male dominated, chauvinistic group, there is little likelihood that the Goddess's authority went unchallenged. It is more likely that the day-to-day, routine bloodshed in war and otherwise was temporarily muted somewhat.

Of perhaps more relevance to those of us living today, however, is the rapid approach of the Age of Aquarius. This age, being astrologically ruled by Uranus, will supposedly come under the province of the god, Anu (the father of Enki and Enlil). Enki versus Enlil is the conflict between free will versus obeying the wisdom of a god or goddess.

Mythology: Anu is the alleged ruler of Nibiru the home planet of the Anunnaki, and because of the Nibiru Cycle - 

HYK is an Egyptian term,  Hyk, is in the Egyptian tongue is voiced with the [h] aspiration, denoting king,  Hyk, according to the Ethiopean sacred dialect, denotes a king.

Oannes the fish god, Babylon's civilizer, rose out of the Red Sea (Syncellus, Chronog. 28). "Cush" appears in the Babylonian names Cissia, Cuthah, Chuzistan (Susiana). Babylon's earliest alphabet in oldest inscriptions resembles that of Egypt and Ethiopia; common words occur, as Mirikh, the Meroe of Ethiopia, the Mars of Babylon. 
The ancient Himyaric whose empire dates as far back as 1750 B.C
The later Babylonians spoke Semitic, but the oldest inscriptions are Turanian or Cushite. Tradition points to Babylon's Cushite origin by making Belus son of Poseidon (the sea) and Libya (Ethiopia): Diodorus Siculus i. 28. Oannes the fish god, Babylon's civilizer, rose out of the Red Sea (Syncellus, Chronog. 28). "Cush" appears in the Babylonian names Cissia, Cuthah, Chuzistan (Susiana). Babylon's earliest alphabet in oldest inscriptions resembles that of Egypt and Ethiopia; common words occur, as Mirikh, the Meroe of Ethiopia, the Mars of Babylon. 
        Though Arabic is Semitic, the Mahras' language in southern Arabia is non-Semitic, and is the modern representative of the ancient Himyaric whose empire dates as far back as 1750 B.C. The Mahras is akin to the Abyssinian Galla language, representing the Cushite or Ethiopic of old; and the primitive Babylonian Sir H. Rawlinson from inscriptions decides to resemble both. The writing too is pictorial, as in the earliest ages of Egypt. The Egyptian and Ethiopic hyk (in hyk-sos, the "shepherd kings"), a "king," in Babylonian and Susianian is khak. "Tyrhak" is common to the royal lists of Susiana and Ethiopia, as "Nimrod" is to those of Babylon and Egypt. Ra is the Cushite supreme god of Babylon as Ra is the sun god in Egypt. (See BABEL.) Nimrod was the Bel, Belus, or Baal, i.e. lord of Babel, its founder.

• Cepheus was a possibly mythical king of the Phoenician kingdom of Aethiopia. His Greek name, Kepheus, means "gardener". His symbol combines a crown, a tree or flower, and the Phoenician letter for the "k" sound.
• Symbols used in astrology overlap with those used in astronomy because of the historical .... Jupiter, ♃, Jupiter's thunderbolt or eagle, Mind (crescent) rising above the horizon of matter (cross). Saturn, ♄,
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The word Prakrit itself has a flexible definition, being defined sometimes as "original, natural, artless, normal, ordinary, usual", or "vernacular", in contrast to the literary and religious orthodoxy of Sanskrit. Alternatively, Prakrit can be taken to mean "derived from an original," which means evolved in a natural way. Prakrit is foremost a native term, designating "vernaculars" as opposed to Sanskrit.

The word Cairo in the ancient language of the time means Mars.

The word artha ARDA Armenian literally translates as "meaning, sense, goal, purpose or essence" depending on the context.