*BES ESS ONOMATOPOEIA PSYCHO-POMP NGANGA ISSA ISAYAH YASHUA

 

Isaiah:

The name Issa or Isa is an Arabic word, probably ancient Egyptian in origin meaning "strong-willed". The Isa spelling is almost exclusively feminine. Today it is a common name both for girls and boys in Hebrew and Arabic.  There are various names ending in -issa for it is used as a suffix to a name, like a nickname. It is interesting to note that the concept where it is used as a nickname or a suffix is the same as when in English -ess is attached to a noun to make it feminine, like God and Goddess.

Isa only in Arabic is a also a given name and a surname that means Jesus. It may refer to Jesus in Islam. The name is used for Jesus in the Quran.ʿĪsā is used as well by several Christian groups in Muslim countries. A 14th-century Persian translation of Matthew, one of the earliest surviving Persian manuscripts of the scripture, uses ʿĪsā. Ahmad Al-Jallad has argued that a precedent of the quranic name ʿsy was already used in a Christian Safaitic inscription from the fourth century CE. Arab Christians commonly refer to him by a different name as (Yasūʿa).The Greek is a Hellenized form of the Hebrew name Yēšua (ישוע), which is in turn a shortened form of Hebrew Yehōšua (יהושע) or "Joshua" in English. El-Issa is an Arab Christian family from Jaffa who are known globally for their "intellect, politics and literature". The last Issa is a clan name in Somalia that mainly inhabits Djibouti. Issa (also spelled Eesah, Esa, or Aysa) are a northern Somali clan. Finally another name ישעיה‎ [y'sha'yá, "Isaiah" in English] needs explanation or discussion before this inscription can be entertained as an Arabic version of a word meaning salvation "Jesus".

ISSY FOR CYPRUS RECORDED IN HIEROGLYPHS HAS THE AYIN AT THE END.

If we check out the ancient Egyptian rendering of the name as written in Hieroglyphs for the name given to the Island of Cyprus it is ISY pronounced EISSY, and compare it Hebrew/Aramaic and Muslim Arabic forms of this name we find a major discrepancy between them . The Hebrew form of this name like the ancient Egyptian has the voiced pharyngeal ʿAyin ע‎ or ʿAyn ع consonant at the end of the name (as does Christian Arabic يسوع yasūʿ and the Aramaic forms of the name, all with the voiced pharyngeal `Ayn consonant at the end of the name, while the Muslim Arabic form عيسى ʿīsā has the ʿAyn at the beginning of the name. The early Syriac/Aramaic form of the name Yeshua. 

The etymological meaning of Isa pronounced Eissya, links the meaning with salvation, saving, or protection a lifeline, preservation, redemption, a means of escape, deliverance, help, reclamation, justice.

Bastard

The meaning of the word bastard is a child born to parents who are not married to each other.This sense of bastard has not always been offensive. In fact, it was a relatively neutral term until as recently as the late 20th century, when it began to take on its offensive status. This shift coincided with a positive change in societal attitudes towards unmarried parents and a lessening of the social stigma of having children outside of marriage. The word bastard is still used relatively neutrally in historical references and historical fiction, but is usually considered offensive when used in present-day contexts to describe a child born to parents not married to each other. The meaning of bastard in Middle English, around the 1200s, wasn’t the meaning we understand today. A bastard was the acknowledged child of a nobleman by a woman other than his wife. The term was irrelevant to the ordinary folk and wasn’t seen as a stigma until the late 1500s. William the Conqueror (Battle of Hastings in 1066, and all that) was often referred to in state documents as William the Bastard.
Marriage came into being in large part due to the need to preserve a patriarchal structure for inheritance and succession purposes. When the father god took over, he made parentage an issue and punished women who bore children outside of the established tradition of wedlock. Thus an "illegitimate child," early 13c., from Old French bastard "acknowledged child of a nobleman by a woman other than his wife" (11c., Modern French bâtard), probably from fils de bast "packsaddle son," meaning a child conceived on an improvised bed (saddles often doubled as beds while traveling), with pejorative ending -art in Middle High German and Dutch used as a pejorative element in common nouns, and thus passing into Middle English in bastard, coward, blaffard ("one who stammers"), etc. It thus became a living element in English, as in buzzard, drunkard.
A special linguistic note I found only in the the Oxford Dictionary of Etymology derives the word bastard from B',s-t, a city, better known by its later name P-Ubastis `Place of Bast'. Especially the cities P-ubasti (also called Bubastis) and Memphis Egypt, Bast' became an even more important national deity circa 950 BC. However the Oxford Dictionary of Etymology derives the word bastard like the rest from Old French bast, `pack saddle' + a pejorative noun formation, ultimately they assume the word to be based on Greek bastazein "to bear" to endure. I put forward the idea that it could at origin meant "take responsibility" as in take responsibility of the Bastard. Keeping in the front of my mind that during the time of the reign of Pandora, paternity in Greece was not an issue, even though some would say in a pejorative tone that "bastard" derived from the time of the Greek concept of Pandora's Box that opened with the unrestricted breeding practices that caused Epimetheus who agreed to marry her harm.

On my part, there is no doubt that neither Greek, German or French can be the the etymology of the word bastard but rather the origin of the word is to be `born of Bast' in reference to one conceived like they were during the festivals of Ubasti.
Two annual festivals, the greater and the lesser, were festivals held in the honor of Bast, the lion goddess and in her honor on those days lion-hunting was forbidden. These festivals were attended by tens of thousands, who also arrived by barge from both south and north of the Nile river. The Greater festival was especially riotous and licentious; it included obscene comments and gestures from women. In the iconography Bas is portrayed as lioness or cat headed beautiful woman, in Her right hand often a sistrum, in Her left a basket, or a semi-circular pectoral surmounted by the head of a cat or lioness. Originally a lioness Goddess of the warmth and fertilizing power of the sun. Later Goddess of the Sun in its mild, beneficent and fructifying aspect; She Who, in return for reverence, bestows mental and physical health, She the playful, She who plays music and dances. The protector of pregnant women and of all humans against danger, rape, and evil spirits which cause disease and disaster. She the Eye of the moon who may also accompany the dead in their journey through the underworld. 

The Origin Of Bes:

The fact is that the Nubian State was older than Egyptian civilization established itself.

I would like to start with the question as to who invented the Nile Valley Hyroglyphic writing or if you like where is the origin of the Nile valley culture? Obviously the Greeks asked the same question and the following is an extract from a reproduced a portion of The Library of History of Diodorus Silenus published in Vol. II of the Loeb Classical Library edition, 1935. The text is in the public domain. This page has been carefully proofread and I believe it to be free of errors and I do not doubt Diodorus regarding what he relates below: 

"1. They say also that the Egyptians are colonists sent out by the Ethiopians, Osiris having been the leader of the colony. 2. For, speaking generally, what is now Egypt, they maintain, was not land but sea when in the beginning the universe was being formed; afterwards, however, as the Nile during the times of its inundation carried down the mud from Ethiopia, land was gradually built up from the deposit. Also the statement that all the land of the Egyptians is alluvial silt deposited by the river receives the clearest proof, in their opinion, from what takes place at the outlets of the Nile; 3. for as each year new mud is continually gathered together at the mouths of the river, the sea is observed being thrust back by the deposited silt and the land receiving the increase. And the larger part of the customs of the Egyptians are, they hold, Ethiopian, the  colonists still preserving their ancient manners. 4. For instance, the belief that their kings are gods, the very special attention which they pay to their burials, and many other matters of a similar nature are Ethiopian practices, while the shapes of their statues and the forms of their letters are Ethiopian; 5. for of the two kinds of writing​ which the Egyptians have, that which is known as "popular" (demotic) is learned by everyone, while that which is called "sacred"​ is understood only by the priests of the Egyptians, who learn it from their fathers as one of the things which are not divulged, but among the Ethiopians everyone uses these forms of letters. 6. Furthermore, the orders of the priests, they maintain, have much the same position among both peoples; for all are clean​ who are engaged in the service of the gods, keeping themselves shaven, like the Egyptian priests, and having the same dress and form of staff, which is shaped like a plough and is carried by their kings, who wear high felt hats which end in a knob at the top and are circled by the serpents which they call asps; and this symbol appears to carry the thought that it will be the lot of those who shall dare to attack the king to encounter death-carrying stings.​ 7. Many other things are also told by them concerning their own antiquity and the colony which they sent out that became the Egyptians, but about this there is no special need of our writing anything.

1. We must now speak about the Ethiopian writing which is called hieroglyphic among the Egyptians, in order that we may omit nothing in our discussion of their antiquities. Now it is found that the forms of their letters take the shape of animals of every kind, and of the members of the human body, and of implements and especially carpenters' tools; for their writing does not express the intended concept by means of syllables joined one to another, but by means of the significance of the objects which have been copied and by its figurative meaning which has been impressed upon the memory by practice. 2. For instance, they draw the picture of a hawk, a crocodile, a snake, and of the members of the human body — an eye, a hand, a face, and the like. Now the hawk signifies to them everything which happens swiftly, since this animal is practically the swiftest of winged creatures. And the concept portrayed is then transferred, by the appropriate metaphorical transfer, to all swift things and to everything to which swiftness is appropriate, very much as if they had been named. 3.  And the crocodile is a symbol of all that is evil, and the eye is the warder of justice and the guardian of the entire body. And as for the members of the body, the right hand with fingers extended signifies a procuring of livelihood, and the left with the fingers closed, a keeping and guarding of property. 4. The same way of reasoning applies also to the remaining characters, which represent parts of the body and implements and all other things; for by paying close attention to the significance which is inherent in each object and by training their minds through drill and exercise of the memory over a long period, they read from habit everything which has been written."

Psychopomp is an English word from the Greek ψυχοπομπός, psychopompós, literally from psykhē "the soul, mind, spirit" (see psyche) + pompos "guide, companion, conductor, escort, messenger," meaning a 'guide of souls', or creatures, spirits, angles, demons or deities. In Jungian psychology, the psychopomp is a mediator between the unconscious and conscious realms. Psychopomp can be the spiritual/psychological guide of a living person or a living person's 'soul.' Psyche comes from the Greek psyche, which means “the soul, mind, spirit, or invisible animating entity which occupies the physical body.” That about sums the way we understand the word today. Thus a psychopomp figure like Bes can live with us, stay by our side, walk with us in our dream state.

The figure/diety/demon as in the image of a threatening yet helpful beast like Bes, is symbolically personified and often can appear in our dreams as does a wise man or woman, or something that will and can protect us from danger. I believe that Shamans are experienced and knowledgable individuals who possess the power to fearlessly look very deep into themselves and tap into the universal source of wisdom which they use, very much like a good contemporary psychtherapist to conjour up the relevent genie to help guide us enpowered in the material world. Psychopomps have been depicted from ancient times and in different cultures as anthropomorphic entities, cats, dogs, horses, deer, ravens, crows, vultures, owls, sparrows, cockoos and whippoorwills when the males and females both give a short, sharp quirt to contact their mates or express agitation when a predator is near the nest. They also make growls to ward off territorial intruders and hisses to ward off predators. 

The most ancient onomatopoeiaic name that we still use not knowing its origin and meaning was Bes/Best. Bes/Best, was given by the ancient Egyptian scribes who created the diety to enpower the child bearing female of our species, the most vulnerable in every scociety, the first cause of whichever culture that claims to be civilized. Bes/Best was the first, the most loved and longest lasting diety that humanity still to this day unknowingly evokes when they sound out in the Arabic speaking world Bess which translates into colloquial English 'enough already. 

Before the ancient Egyptians who carved all on stone, giving todays schollars the impression that they were the first, the Shamen over time had already perfected visual and phonetic techniques of communication through the understanding of the innermost world of the human 'spirit' in order to help the living be at peace with themselves and healthy. Shamans have profound understanding of the human condition, the answers to all pressing questions and they can foretell the future. In many primordial cultures and very visably in the Ancient Egyptian culture the shaman/priests, ruled and it appears to us that they were the first to communicate graphically and phonetically the power of psychopomp. There were psychopomps of souls, who had the duty to accompany and guide the soul of the dead person, also the psychopomp to help bring a soul into the world of the living, by helping a mother give birth, to help introduce the newborn child, the new soul into the world watching it grow and guiding it through adulthood, where it would reside temporarily on this planet until its departure back into the 'afterlife'. The contemporary title of "midwife to the dying" or "End of Life Doula", suggests the general acceptance of the concept of the coming and the going of a soul by all. 

 

Bes (/bes/; also spelled as Bisu, Coptic: Ⲃⲏⲥ), together with his feminine counterpart Beset, is an ancient Egyptian deity/psychopomp worshipped as a protector of households and, in particular, of women, mothers, childbirth and children. Bes later came to be regarded as the defender of everything good and the enemy of all that is bad. According to Donald Mackenzie in 1907, Bes may have been an import from Nubia or Somalia, and his cult did not become widespread until the Middle and the New Kingdom, but more recently several Bes-like figurines have been found in deposits from the Naqada period of pre-dynastic Egypt, like the thirteen figurines found at Tell el-Farkha which takes Bes to an age that predates Egyptian Nile Civilization.

Supernatural beings like grotesque, demonic Nubian Bes are created beings, even though we do not know exactly when and where the Bes protective Deity was created, we can assume that the attributes that Bes exhibited must have been needed and cherished by women from the beginning of time. Given that a name, a sound is a powerful medium for communication as well as evoking a 'spirit', I would want to think that he who named Bes knew the importance of what S/HE was creating.

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The name 'Bas' invokes the spirit of a Nubian and Ancient Egyptian deity of a protective spirit but also  the question of the is a word which translates perfectly to the informal North American term 'enough already' both the name and the word are used to indicate unwillingness to tolerate any more of something undesirable. Stating that you want something to stop. A sarcastic way of saying, please stop now, before I become violent. Stop it/that, hands off, give it a rest, pack it in, cut it/that out, hold it.

An examples of how humans can mimic or copy the ways animals survive to help themselves is apparent in the way a porcupines raise their quills when a predator approaches to warn or scare them away or even stick it to them if they get too close.

Bes is present in human imagination and shows up along the Nile valley very early in recorded human history. In fact Bes reaches back to the earliest of human settlements along the Nile. Bes is not only an image that reaches back millenia but also a name that reaches deep into the past, as far back as the 'origins' of recorded language. The same name and image had the most widespread existence and acceptance in the ancient world. Very early on Bes was found from Punt (Somalia) to Mesopotamia (Iraq). Images of Bes have been found at the Persian capital of Susa, and as far away as central Asia. Over time, the image of Bes became more Persian in style, as he was depicted wearing Persian clothes and headdress. Like many Egyptian gods, the worship of Bes and Beset were exported overseas. While the female variant Beset had been more popular in Minoan Crete, the male version proved more popular with the Phoenicians and very popular in ancient Aphrodite's' Island Cyprus and areas far north of present Syria.

The Balearic island of Ibeza derives its name from the god's name, brought along with the first Phoenician settlers in 654 BC. These settlers, decided to name their island of Bes (<איבשם> ʔybšm, *ʔibošim, yibbōšīm "dedicated to Bes"). At the end of the 6th century BC, images of Bes began to spread across the Achaemenid Empire which Egypt belonged to at the time and later Bes was imported into the Roman empire when the name Ebusus was coined, obviously derived from the same gods name Bes. In the Greek Ptolemaic period of Egyptian history, chambers were constructed, painted with images of Bes and his wife Beset.

Bes was a household protector, said to have the responsiblity throughout ancient Egyptian history for a varied of tasks from killing snakes, to fighting off evil spirits as well as looking after the children. Protecting women at the hour of labor was one of his most important functions, thus ever-present with Twaret the protective ancient Egyptian goddess of childbirth and fertility. Images of this deity, quite different from those of the other gods, for they were kept in homes. Another oddity is the fact that normally Egyptian gods were shown in profile, but stood out for he always appeared in full face portrait, ithyphalic, and during Roman times in a soldier's tunic, so as to appear ready to launch an attack on any approaching evil. Because his duty as a protector was to scare away demons from houses his statue was put up in prominent places like above doorways to drive off evil.
Bes gave all a sense of ease, thus he naturally came to symbolize the good things in life –like music, dancing, and conceptual sexual pleasure. In the New Kingdom, tattoos of Bes could be found on the thighs of dancers, musicians and servant girls. Many instances of Bes masks and costumes from the New Kingdom and later have been uncovered, thought to be used at festivals by professional performers.


James Romano a contemporary scholar claim that in its earliest inception Bes could have been a representation of a lion rearing up on its hind legs. After the Third Intermediate Period, Bes is often seen as just the head or the face, often worn as amulets. The obvious oddity as to why Bes stood out for he always appeared in full face portrait, ithyphalic, when in fact all other normally Egyptian gods were shown in profile.
I believe this was intentional, and the intention is not only that he appear grotesque as a whole but more importantly his face with mouth open tong protruding obviosly making a threatening sound is designed like the grotesque gargoyles to scare away the real demons.
Gargoyles and grotesques have been attributed with the power to ward off evil spirits, guarding the buildings they occupy and protecting those inside. Gargoyls like Bes do not represent evil, some are in the shape of lions, dragons, griffins, and even contemporary Darth Vader comes to mind with his scarry voice. The Architects have placed Gargoyls at the end of a drain intentionally, where water from rooves is channeled and as the water flows through the open mouth of the gargoyl it gives off a throaty gurgling sound. There are two possible etymologies of the word gargoyle, a Latin word that means drain or gullet and an old French word meaning "throat." So, I would say that gargoyles like Bas are grotesque, for a good reason, but more importantly I posit that the sound that both the Gargoyl, Darth Vader and Bes make is the most fundamental fact that has been missed by scholars from the beginning of their observations and analysis from the beginning.
Who can contemplate the origin of Bes without contemplating the origin of the human race, black, brown or white-headed Bas definatly came from the ancient cradles of civilization. Many scholars believe, that Bes sits at the liminal point at the beginnings of any human community where an image for the protection of the female and children are vital for the survival and wellfare of the community. When the image as carving communicated and projected the most intense desires of the community - safety and security from the known unknown and unknowable threats to the living especially the women and children. Various representations of Bes reflect the time period the artists were living in when carving the image of Bes.

The oldest portrayals of Bes with a cape of lion’s skin, I believe show his origin to be in central and eastern Africa. His overt, grotesque image with a knife shows a guardian whose primarily perpose was as the defender and preserver of life and the community and His very high-plumed headdress a symbol of majesty and finally the musical instruments show he is nothing to be scared of when brought into the home for He is multidimensional energetic court-jester of the community. It is worth noting that sometimes the name Bes in Hieroglyphics is shown with the 'Sa,' which indicates his protective powers in life and in deth. Having covered the image of Bes in depth, I wish to go into depth regarding the origin and meaning of the name Bes. As I indicate in the first paragraph of this thesis, I posit that the base root of the name Bes is onomatopoeic in origin.
Pasht a similar sounding name in the form of a lioness was a goddess of war.
The term sound symbolism refers to the apparent association between particular sound sequences and particular meanings in speech. Also known as sound meaningfulness and phonetic symbolism. Before we go into debth regarding the people who claim to interact with the spirit world, I would like to introduce the word 'intuition' which is defined as the ability to understand something instantly without the need for conscious reasoning (an inner knowing). The four main avenues our intuition uses to communicate with us are known in psychic circles as the "four clairs": clairaudience (hearing voices), clairvoyance (seeing images), clairsentience (recognizing feelings), and claircognizance (knowing).That said I would like to take the reader into a 'rabit hole' starting with the art and practice known as Shamanism or Samanism, which is said to be a religious practice that involves a practitioner (shaman or saman) interacting with the spirit world through altered state of consciousness, such as a trance. The goal of this is usually to direct spirits or spiritual energies into the physical world for the purpose aiding human beings in some way or other. The etymology of the word is sometimes connected to the Tungus root sā-, meaning "to know". Interesting to note as shown above the Hyroglyph Sa Mircea Eliade noted that the Sanskrit word śramaṇa, designating a wandering monastic or holy figure, has spread to many Central Asian languages along with Buddhism and could be the ultimate origin of the word shaman. My definition of a shaman uses the term in a very broad sense and it does not differenciate from magicoreligious specialists who contact spirits, such as "mediums", "witch doctors", "spiritual healers" priests or "prophets." I use the term to describe unrelated magicoreligious practices which must have been found within all earley ethnic religions of many parts of Asia and especially Africa before the establishment of the Egyptian language and culture. While the term has been incorrectly applied by cultural outsiders to many Indigenous spiritual practices, the words “shaman” and “shamanism” do not accurately describe the variety and complexity that is Indigenous spirituality. Each nation and tribe has its own way of life, and uses terms in their own languages. Onomatopoeia, the direct imitation of sounds in nature, is generally regarded as just one type of sound symbolism. In The Oxford Handbook of the Word (2015), G. Tucker Childs notes that "onomatopoeia represents only a small fraction of what most would consider sound symbolic forms, although it may, in some sense, be basic to all sound symbolism.


Banganga (sing. Nganga) are expert spiritual healers in the Kongo religion who also exist across the African diaspora in countries - (where their people were transported during trans-Atlantic slavery,) - such as Brazil, the southern United States, Haiti and Cuba . When Kongo converted to Christianity, at the end of the fifteenth century, the term Nganga was used to mean traditional spiritual mediators. Nganga translates to mean "expert" in the Kukongo language, the Portuguese transformed the meaning towards the concept of  "fetishers." This no doubt was because the Baganga were the ones responsible for charging a mnkisi, which is a physical object intended to be the conduit/receptacle for a spiritual force that can heal and or protect its owner. These expert healers, as well as divining the cause of illness, misfortune and social stress and preparing measures to address them, often by supernatural means and sacred medicine, or mnkisi claim to possessed the skill to communicate with the ancestors in the spiritual realm.

The Mnkisi of the Banganga should be renamed as Psychoprompts in Jungian.

Mnkisi, minkisi, nkisi is an object that a spirit is said to inhabit. It is frequently applied to a variety of objects used throughout the Congo Basin in Central Africa. The mnkisi were largely used to maintain social order and serve justice. The term and the concept, with the nganga spiritual healers, seaman, psychopomps have passed with the Atlantic slave trade to the Americas. The etymology and meaning of the term derives from the root *-kisi, referring to a spiritual entity or material objects in which it is manifested or inhabits. 

The following is a description of an English missionary of how an nganga looks during his healing performance: "Thick circles of white around the eyes, a patch of red across the forehead, broad stripes of yellow are drawn down the cheeks, bands of red, white, or yellow run down the arms and across the chest.... His dress consists of the softened skins of wild animals, either whole or in strips, feathers of birds, dried fibers and leaves, ornaments of leopard, crocodile or rat's teeth, small tinkling bells, rattling seedpods. These items named "Bilongo are more accurately translated as 'therapeutic substances' and they are chosen for metaphoric reasons, for example, the bird claws in order to catch wrongdoers or because their names resemble characteristics of spirits in question.

Close communication with ancestors and belief in the efficacy of their powers are closely associated with mnkisi. Among the peoples of the Congo Basin, these exceptional human powers of the nganga are believed to be a result of their ability to communication with the spirit world, especially the spirits of the departed.

This wild appearance and the n-ganga's costume was intended to create a frightening, paralyzing effect, for his general appearance was modeled on the patients mn-kisi who was marked with red and white stripes, called mnkila, a  protection. 

The Nganga/Seers with the "circles of white around the eyes" which are known as mamoni lines comes from (the verb mona, to see.) These lines purport to indicate the ability to see hidden sources of illness and evil.

Yombe nganga often wore white masks, whose color represented the spirit of a deceased person. White was also associated with justice, order, truth, invulnerability, and insight: all virtues associated with the nganga.

The term therianthropy is most relevant here for it is the humans ability to shape shift into animal form.Thus the Banganga harness the powers of ba-kisi and the dead by making mn-kisi. Mn-kisi are primarily containers – ceramic vessels, gourds, animal horns, shells, bundles, or any other object that can contain spiritually-charged substances. Important to note that mn-kisi are credited with powers in multiple domains, most famously, mn-kisi may also take the form of anthropomorphic or zoomorphic wooden carvings. Anthropomorphism is the methodology of attributing human-like mental states to animals. Zoomorphism is the converse of this: it is the attribution of animal-like mental states to humans. Both are considered to be an innate tendency of human psychology and it has ancient roots in storytelling and artistic devices. Most cultures have traditional fables with anthropomorphized animals as characters. People have also routinely attributed human emotions and behavioral traits to wild as well as domesticated animals.

In ancient Egyptian religion deities were depicted in half animal and half human forms which were perfect examples of a mnkisi, a perfect example of anthropomorphism or zoomorphism  in a religious context. Zoomorphism is when the animal form applied to a physical object. It means to attribute animal forms or characteristics to things other than an animal which is similar to but broader than anthropomorphism which views animal or non-animal behavior in human terms, whereas zoomorphism  views human behavior in terms of the behavior of animals like in literature when a human is portrayed acting like an animal as against a human or objects with animistic features.

Why Dogs and Anubis the Jackal headed Deity.

Dogs were and still are closely tied to the spiritual world in Kongo mythology. They live in two separate worlds; the village of the living, and the forest of the dead. The intentions of the banganga who created mnkisi were practical; that is, their characteristics were dictated by the need of the object to do the work it was required to do. In many conjunctures of everyday life, people depend on mnkisi to do things for them, even to make life itself possible. I would speculate that primitive man - (long before the ancient Egyptians carved the journey of the dead in stone,) - conceived the simple idea of an everlasting spirit surviving the death. The separation of body from spirit once established can be associated with any living thing or any material object. The soul of a deceased person never needs to depart but continue to inhabit all living things for ever in the form of a spirit. This idea of a surviving everlasting spirit once accepted can be associated with any living thing or any material object. 

If the spirit, is a verb, in other words an active moving thing, which can be heard but very seldom seen, it follows a psycho-pomp can evoke this spirit and with his breath place it in an object specially designed to represent its character. 

Tylor, who is the most influential voice in the definition of fetishism regarded it as a development of animism. Fetishism for him was ‘the doctrine of spirits embodied in, or attached to, or conveying influence through, certain material objects. Psychoprompts.

Language being vital for communication with the spirits of the dead and living, thus objects to represent sounds of and from the spirit world are vital for the art of the Ngangas/shamans if the premise that shamans are and have been from the primordial times the intermediaries or messengers between the human world and the spirit worlds.


The "circles of white around the eyes" refer to mamoni lines (from the verb mona, to see). These lines purport to indicate the ability to see hidden sources of illness and evil.

Yombe nganga often wore white masks, whose color represented the spirit of a deceased person. White was also associated with justice, order, truth, invulnerability, and insight: all virtues associated with the nganga. In the United States, nganga, who acted as spiritual leaders, played a key role in Hoodoo practices, which combined Kongo religion, Christianity and indigenous American herbal knowledge.
Shaman/Nganga/Psychopomp
My favorite scholar Mircea Eliade writes the following on the Shaman "A first definition of this complex phenomenon, and perhaps the least hazardous, will be: shamanism = 'technique of "religious ecstasy". " Shamanism encompasses the premise that shamans are intermediaries or messengers between the human world and the spirit worlds. Shamans are said to treat ailments and illnesses by mending the soul. Alleviating traumas affecting the soul or spirit are believed to restore the physical body of the individual to balance and wholeness. Shamans also claim to enter supernatural realms or dimensions to obtain solutions to problems afflicting the community. Shamans claim to visit other worlds or dimensions to bring guidance to misguided souls and to ameliorate illnesses of the human soul caused by foreign elements. Shamans operate primarily within the spiritual world, which, they believe, in turn affects the human world. The restoration of balance is said to result in the elimination of the ailment.
Onoma-topoeia the psycho-pomp and the psycho-prompt.
Onomatopoeia is the use or creation of a word that phonetically imitates, resembles, or suggests the sound that it describes. Such a word itself is also called an onomatopoeia. Common onomatopoeia's include animal noises such as hiss, fizz, oink, meow, roar, chirp, achoo, bang, boom, clap, pow, splat, tik-tok, zap, etc. 

There are many words used to describe sounds heard in nature as well as animal sounds that describe an action or an emotion. The hiss sound that has inspired this thesis is the onomatopoeic sound I will show having played the most major role in civilizing cultures and nations.

The sibilant hiss sound a natural primordial base root sound of warning first appears in its written form in Egyptian Hieroglyphs as the name of their deity called Bes, (Ba-Hss). The ancient Hieroglyphic name of the lion headed goddess is Bast, today rendered Bastet. Beset a Lioness is a feminine form of Bas or Bes both heaven sent guardians, deities to protect the children. This all powerful onomatopoeic name I offer is based on the 'hisss' sound a snake, a lioness, a goose makes to   and represented both a guardian of protection but also .

This earliest recorded name Bes is closely connected to “besa” the Nubian word for “cat." this word is attested in classical Arabic, though it is not a very 'common' word. However in the dialects it is most used in the Levant and on the Arabian Peninsula, in Hijazi Arabic bass, is a “cat”. Biss is the masculine, bisas the feminine. The bottom line is that bissa the feminine noun is used regardless of the animal's gender for it has an onomatopoeic origin, like say the English puss, the origin of which I offer cant be too far from the original source. 

The phenomenon of sound symbolism is a highly controversial topic in language studies. Contrast with arbitrariness. The phonemes in a name or a word or a syllable can and do themselves convey meaning. This idea goes back to Plato’s dialogue Cratylus. A philosopher called Hermogenes argues that the relationship between a word and its meaning is purely arbitrary; Cratylus, another philosopher, disagrees; and Socrates eventually concludes that there is sometimes a connection between meaning and sound. Linguistics has mostly taken Hermogenes’ side, but, in the past eighty years, a field of research called phonetic symbolism has shown that Cratylus was also on to something."The fundamental thesis underlying the field of sound symbolism has always been controversial, because it appears to be so transparently wrong. The Sound Symbolic Hypothesis is that the meaning of a word is partially affected by its sound (or articulation). If the sound of a word affects its meaning, then you should be able to tell what a word means just by hearing it. There should be only one language. In spite of this, there has always been a fairly substantial group of linguists who do not dismiss the possibility that the form of a word somehow affects its meaning.

Onomatopoeia is the use or creation of a word that phonetically imitates, resembles, or suggests the sound that it describes. Such a word itself is also called an onomatopoeia. Also the naming of a concept, a thing or action by a vocal imitation of the sound associated with it (such as buzz, hiss) is an onomatopoeia. Common onomatopoeia's include animal noises such as oink, meow, roar, and chirp.

I posit that the hisss warning sound that animals, especially large or small 'cats' make to warn an unwanted undesirable intruder that invades their space, has carried forward from primordial times through Nubia the upper Nile, into ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic and lives as a sibilant at the tip of all all Arabic speaking cultures as Bas (bes) today. "Bas" means "enough" "stop," "that's all" or "that's it." 

Bes the masculine personification was not formally worshiped but was honored in every home as a defender of good and the enemy of bad. He was also powerful and popular in Phoenicia & Cyprus. He was a guardian of dance, music, symbols, drums and bells instruments used to ward off evil spirits and attract the good spirits like the pied piper. He was said to entertain children with his songs, dance and amusing ways. Bes is noted in Egypt Nubia Greece Mexico Rome, also can be found in pre-dynastic Nile Valley cultures; his form seems to be found worldwide. A champion fighter & protector.

The lunar calendar is therefore the calendar of Bast and represents the ancient feminine time line. Bast daughter of Ra and agent of his vengeance, was often depicted as a lioness or cat. [Egyptian b'stjt.]. Bast's offspring were known as children of the moon and the menstrual blood represents the passage of the moon and the menstrual period.

The primordial alchemical feminine.The symbolism of alchemy is rooted in the myths of the Greeks and Egyptians. Moses, an Egyptian priest, taught alchemy in his writings: Adam and Eve are the basic symbol of alchemy. Even Jesus taught alchemy: his “living waters” and “the stone the builders rejected” are the alchemist’s Mercury, whose development creates the famous philosopher’s stone. The beginnings of alchemy are hidden in the mists of time
Alchemy was once the most respected science, venerated and practiced by pharoahs, kings and queens, priests and priestesses. Alchemy is the key of eternal life, and the way humans can liberate themselves from suffering. To protect it, that knowledge was always hidden from the public. An art and or a science. Such a science is something far more than an outlet for a few eccentric, the motive behind the constant strivings and never-failing patience in the unravelling of the mysteries, the tenacity of purpose is comendable to say the least.The accounts of their lives almost without exception lead us to believe that they were concerned with things spiritual rather than with things temporal. They were men inspired by a vision, a vision of man made perfect, of man freed from disease and the limitations of warring faculties both mental and physical, standing godlike in the realization of a power that even at this very moment of time lies hidden in the deeper strata of consciousness, a vision of man made truly in the image and likeness of the One Divine Mind in its Perfection, Beauty, and Harmony.Bastet or Bast (Ancient Egyptian: bꜣstjt, Coptic: Ⲟⲩⲃⲁⲥⲧⲉ, romanized: Oubaste /ʔuːˈβastə/, Phoenician: 𐤀𐤁𐤎𐤕,[3] romanized: ’bst, or 𐤁𐤎𐤕,[4] romanized: bst) was a goddess of ancient Egyptian religion, worshipped as early as the Second Dynasty (2890 BCE). Her name also is rendered as B'sst, Baast, Ubaste, and Baset.[5] In ancient Greek religion, she was known as Ailuros (Koinē Greek: αἴλουρος "cat"). Bastet, the form of the name that is most commonly adopted by Egyptologists today because of its use in later dynasties, is a modern convention offering one possible reconstruction. In early Egyptian hieroglyphs, her name appears to have been bꜣstt. James Peter Allen vocalizes the original form of the name as buʔístit or buʔístiat, with ʔ representing a glottal stop. In Middle Egyptian writing, the second t marks a feminine ending but usually was not pronounced, and the aleph ꜣ may have moved to a position before the accented syllable, ꜣbst. By the first millennium, then, bꜣstt would have been something like *Ubaste (< *Ubastat) in Egyptian speech, later becoming Coptic Oubaste. From the Early Dynastic Period on, the Egyptians quarried a type of stone that is frequently referred to as alabaster, but is in fact travertine (a type of limestone - calcium carbonate). It is a whitish, slightly translucent stone (often with veins of another colour) which occurs mainly in Middle Egypt, particularly between Miniya and Asiut. The best known and most important source was the Hatnub quarries, near El-`Amarna. One Old Kingdom quarry is situated in the Wadi Gerrawi close to Helwan. Because of its colour and durability, alabaster was regarded as a pure stone and used for chapels, pavements in temples, sarcophagi, altars and above all statues. True alabaster was quarried in the Faiyum region, but Egyptologists usually call this material gypsum (calcium sulphate).


The alabaster jars in Ancient Egypt, were used as containers for ointment, perfume, and other cosmetic products, such as kohl. The alabaster used by ancient civilisations in the wider Middle East (including Egypt and Mesopotamia) is also called “oriental alabaster”, which is a type of calcite. Alabaster is often mistaken for marble, because of its translucent coloring and subtle veining, but the cleaning and care methods for marble are dramatically different. Even a small drop of water can lead to staining of alabaster and cause permanent damage.The Alabaster offering, based on the biblical story of a woman pouring perfume on Jesus, encourages sacrificial giving. Alabaster funds have made a significant impact, transforming abandoned spaces into ministry centers and meeting the needs of communities. The Alabaster Offering provides funds for property and buildings around the world.What is unique about alabaster is its texture and the warm, even light it radiates make alabaster a material of choice for lighting. In addition to its exceptional visual qualities, alabaster is also known for its high density. Its fragile and delicate aesthetic combined with its weight creates a surprising contrast, light can pass through it creating a warm glow that's exquisite and elevates any room of your home. The spiritual meaning of alibaster varries, for instance, some believe that wearing white alabaster brings peace and calmness while others associate it with protection from negative energy. Plus, many cultures believe that white alabaster helps them connect more deeply with their inner selves and communicate better with higher powers.
The Egyptian Alabaster is a dense, calcium carbonate stone that has been mined near Hatnub, Egypt since the pre-dynastic period. The Egyptian Alabaster is not as the name indicates, true alabaster like the gypsum. Goldsmith has documented Greco-Roman sources consistently listing four ingredients for Mendesian perfume: myrrh, cassia, resin and oil of balanos (most academics believe this is a species of moringa, others desert date oil). Some accounts also mention cinnamon.The use of almond, moringa, and castor oils all over the body was common for keeping skin soft, smooth, and wrinkle-free.Whereas some Egyptian deities appeared in the late Predynastic Period (before c. 3100 BCE), neither Isis nor her husband Osiris were mentioned by name before the Fifth Dynasty (c. 2494–2345 BCE).[5][6] An inscription that may refer to Isis dates to the reign of Nyuserre Ini during that period,[7] and she appears prominently in the Pyramid Texts, which began to be written down at the end of the dynasty and whose content may have developed much earlier.[8] Several passages in the Pyramid Texts link Isis with the region of the Nile Delta near Behbeit el-Hagar and Sebennytos, and her cult may have originated there.[9][Note 1]

Many scholars have focused on Isis's name in trying to determine her origins. Her Egyptian name was written as 𓊨𓏏𓆇𓁐 (ꜣst) and was pronounced Ꜣūsat, which became ⲎⲤⲈ (Ēse) in the Coptic form of Egyptian, Wusa in the Meroitic language of Nubia, and Ἶσις, on which her modern name is based, in Greek. The hieroglyphic writing of her name incorporates the sign for a throne, which Isis also wears on her head as a sign of her identity. The symbol serves as a phonogram, spelling the st sounds in her name, but it may have also represented a link with actual thrones. The Egyptian term for a throne was also st and may have shared a common etymology with Isis's name. Therefore, the Egyptologist Kurt Sethe suggested she was originally a personification of thrones.[15] Henri Frankfort agreed, believing that the throne was considered the king's mother, and thus a goddess, because of its power to make a man into a king. Other scholars, such as Jürgen Osing and Klaus P. Kuhlmann, have disputed this interpretation, because of dissimilarities between Isis's name and the word for a throne or a lack of evidence that the throne was ever deified.
Names of ancient Egyptian deities often were represented as references to associations or with euphemisms, being cult secrets. What the name of the goddess means remains uncertain. One recent suggestion by Stephen Quirke (Ancient Egyptian Religion) explains Bastet as meaning, "She of the ointment jar". This ties in with the observation that her name was written with the hieroglyph for ointment jar (bꜣs) and that she was associated with protective ointments, among other things. The name of the material known as alabaster might, through Greek, come from the name of the goddess. This association would have come about much later than when the goddess was a protective lioness goddess, however, and is useful only in deciphering the origin of the term, alabaster. Images of Bastet were often created from alabaster. The goddess was sometimes depicted holding a ceremonial sistrum in one hand and an aegis in the other—the aegis usually resembling a collar or gorget, embellished with a lioness head. Bastet was also depicted as the goddess of protection against contagious diseases and evil spirits.

Esse
As good a place to start to get to the original meaning of the phone Esse is to go to its meaning in Greek which denotes a female form of otherwise male nouns denoting beings or persons, like god to goddess. Etymology of middle English goes to old French esse from Latin -issa from, from Ancient Greek -ισσα (-issa). Alternative forms are -es, -ess, -asse, -as, -eyse, -eys, -eis, -isse, -ysse, -iss, -yss, -ys, -is Middle French -ess (used to form feminine nouns from masculine ones) Dutch again -ess creates the female form of some persons or occupations. As with many living and dead languages, esse is one of the oldest verb forms in Latin, one of the most frequently used of the verbs, and one of the most irregular verbs in Latin and related languages.
Essential nature or essence. is the intrinsic nature or indispensable quality of something, especially something abstract, which determines its character. Similar words are quintessence, soul, spirit, ethos, nature, life, lifeblood, core. Esse refers to existence or essence.The verb esse, means "to be." All from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésmi (“I am, I exist”). Italian esse plural of essa; they, them (female).
In English essence is thus a principle through which and in which a thing exists. Essence is the intrinsic limitation of esse, the crystallization of existence, bordered by nothingness.
René Descartes, argued that the act of existing is the most fundamental attribute of God. This idea is also found in other philosophical and religious traditions, such as the concept of the "Ground of Being" KY/ISSI in Eastern philosophy and some interpretations of the Bible.

ALABASTER

The origin of "alabaster" is in Middle English through Old French "alabastre", in turn derived from Latin "alabaster", and that from Greek "ἀλάβαστρος" ("alabastros") or "ἀλάβαστος" ("alabastos"). The Greek words denoted a vase of alabaster. Chemically, gypsum is a hydrous sulfate of calcium,

The English name Alabaster may be derived further from ancient Egyptian "a-labaste", which refers to vessels of the Egyptian goddess Bast. She was represented as a lioness and frequently depicted as such in figures placed atop these alabaster vessels. Ancient Roman authors Pliny the Elder and Ptolemy wrote that the stone used for ointment jars called alabastra came from a region of Egypt known as Alabastron or Alabastrites.
A recent suggestion by Stephen Quirke regarding the origin in his book (Ancient Egyptian Religion) explains Bastet as meaning, "She of the ointment jar". This association ties in with the observation that her name was written with the hieroglyph for ointment jar (bꜣs) and that she was associated with feminine protective ointments, perfumes among other things. Alabastron is sculpted in any particular cultural environment, but sometimes both have been worked to make similar pieces in the same place and time. This was the case with small flasks of the alabastron type made in Cyprus from the Bronze Age into the Classical period.


The name of the material known as alabaster comes to us through Greek, which in turn signified the goddess and was the conduite of the sound that sounded out her name ASSY/ESSE/ISIS etc. It is interesting to note that the Egyptian alabaster has been worked extensively near the city of Assiut. The name of the city is derived from early Egyptian Zawty (Z3JW.TJ) (late Egyptian, Səyáwt) adopted into the Coptic as Syowt ⲥⲓⲟⲟⲩⲧ [sɪˈjowt], which means "Guardian"


Alabaster is a mineral or rock that is soft, often used for carving, and is processed for plaster powder. Archaeologists and the stone processing industry use the word differently from geologists. The former use it in a wider sense that includes varieties of two different minerals: the fine-grained massive type of gypsum and the fine-grained banded type of calcite. Geologists define alabaster only as the gypsum type. Chemically, gypsum is a hydrous sulfate of calcium, while calcite is a carbonate of calcium. Alabaster is a porous stone and can be "dyed" into any colour or shade, a technique used for centuries. For this the stone needs to be fully immersed in various pigmentary solutions and heated to a specific temperature. The technique can be used to disguise alabaster. In this way a very misleading imitation of coral that is called "alabaster coral" is produced.The softness of alabaster enables it to be carved readily into elaborate forms, but its solubility in water renders it unsuitable for outdoor work.The two kinds are readily distinguished by their different hardnesses: gypsum alabaster (Mohs hardness 1.5 to 2) is so soft that a fingernail scratches it, while calcite (Mohs hardness 3) cannot be scratched in this way but yields to a knife.

EFFERVESCENCE:
Moreover, calcite alabaster, being a carbonate, effervesces when treated with hydrochloric acid. A common example of effervescence is seen if hydrochloric acid is added to a block of limestone. In simple terms, it is the result of the chemical reaction occurring in the liquid which produces a gaseous product. The calcite type "Egyptian alabaster", "Oriental alabaster" and "onyx-marble", is geologically described as either a compact banded travertine or "a stalagmitic limestone marked with patterns of swirling bands of cream and brown". "onyx-marble".
Effervescence is the formation of gas bubbles in a liquid by a chemical reaction. An example of effervescence is the release of carbon dioxide which bubbles as a gas from the liquid when limestone chips, which are composed of calcium carbonate, are added to dilute hydrochloric acid. I posit that the fizzing sound of the escaping of gas from an aqueous solution when carbonates are treated with mild hydrochloric acid ..... carbonate effervesces that results from that release.The word effervescence is derived from the Latin verb fervere (to boil), preceded by the adverb ex. The Latin ex "out of, from within at root the word stands for things that are bubbly or carbonated are effervescent from within. Latin root, effervescere, "to boil up or boil over," when proceeded with ex, which translates to "out," sugests "begin to boil from within." Source also of Gaulish ex-, Old Irish ess-, Old Church Slavonic izu, Russian iz. all suggest the the idea of emerging from within, comming out of, as in evaporating, etc. In a Figurative sense it is said to be a "vitallity force" "livelin-ess" Efferv-essen-cy.
Hiss verb, make a sharp sibilant sound as of the letter s. "hissing". Similar to fizz, fizzle, sibilate, as a noun a sharp sibilant sound. Sibilants are fricative consonants of higher amplitude and pitch, made by directing a stream of air with the tongue towards the teeth. In phonetics it is a speech sound, sounded with a hissing effect, for example s, sh. The origin of hiss, from Middle English hissen, is onomatopoeic.
It sounds like a "spit and hiss of a cornered cat" By making a long loud `ssss' sound one expresses disapproval or dislike of a person. It is a sound made by an alarmed animal (as a snake or cat) usually as a sign of disapproval. Cats will make hissing noises to signal that they are about to defend themselves. Hissing is a defensive gesture. It is almost always exhibited by a cat that feels victimized, antagonized, or threatened in some way. Hissing is often a way to avoid a physical confrontation.
synonyms: fizzle, hush, are sibilations which are dissonant sounds or noises made to express displeasure or contempt.
To the question where does hiss come from or where is the origin of its introduction as a phone in language. The answer would have to be that the most common sources are the snake and the cat. It serves as a warning sign, because cats or snakes don't want to engage in physical confrontations. When one approachs a cat the wrong way, or gets too near, they hiss to send a message to stop doing whatever may be bothering them, or to keep a distance.
Hissing Is a Form of Communication, when one feels threatened, a call for someone to help. Cats can also feel stressed or threatened, but they don't express themselves in the same way humans do. For cats, a hiss or even a growl is part of their communication style. More relevent is the hiss that says dont ever mess with her cos she is low on patience and most dangerously while breastfeeding….. ☠️.
Pussycat, and similar forms for a cat or a woman is used as a term, they say first appeared in print in the 16th century. It's another “cat-word” one that is possibly tied to the Dutch word “poes,” meaning simply “cat.”Similar words are found in dialects of German, Danish, Swedish, Lithuanian and Irish (“puisin”). “Puss” is used in the reduplicated form “pss-pss,” which brings us to one theory of its recent origin. for it is a “call sound” for a cat. Using the initial “p” a phonologist would say /p/ is produced by the puff of air, whereas /b/ is pronounced with less air released than /p/. This can be a useful distinction as it is more difficult to feel the vocal cords vibrating when making the /b/. When the /p/ is followed by the ss it gets the cat’s attention every time. Here, ‘pss, pss, pss’ however when forming the name of the Goddess Bast the /b/would with less vibration woulf surfice.
Pussycat has also been used, as a term for (according to the OED) “A girl or woman, especially one exhibiting characteristics associated with a cat, for attractiveness, playfulness, as spitefulness, slyness, also as a pet name or term of endearment.

Pspsps is actually an onomatopoeia for several sounds found in nature. It could be the sound of rustling leaves or tiny claws scratching the dirt. For some cats, it might remind them of a bird ruffling its feathers or the buzz of an interesting insect.
With the soft sibilants 'ssss' and 'shsh,' you will always get a cats’ instant responce for they have sensitive hearing of the higher frequencies. You may have noticed that the ss sounds a lot higher than other letters. Cats are sensitive to that high sound, and will generally turn to look if you make the sound. What must be considered is when a cat hears pspsps, it sounds very much like a 'hiss.' This is what I believe gets them to look imedeatly in the direction of the source of the sound, in order to assess the potential threat that the 'hssss' or 'hisss' sound poses. When the cat assessment of threat level is zero, the cat will make her/his way to the sourse of the near-hissing or psssing sound. Cat can hear you when you whisper.
When your cat holds their tail high in the air as they move about their territory, they're expressing confidence and contentment. A tail that sticks straight up signals happiness and a willingness to be friendly. And watch the tip of an erect tail. A little twitch can mean a particularly happy moment.
The female cat is called a queen, the oigin of the word when we go to Greek or Armenian gynē it simply translates to woman, as does Sanskrit jani. It seems odd because the term “queen” when referred to a female cat it is assumed it comes from the term “queening” which is the term used to define the time when a female cat is giving birth. The other word which is confusing is the origin of the word estrus of the queens menstruel cycle, the estrus cycle, for the word estrus is derived via Latin oestrus ('frenzy', 'gadfly'), from Greek οἶστρος oîstros (literally 'gadfly', more figuratively 'frenzy', 'madness', among other meanings like 'breeze'). Specifically, this refers to the gadfly in Ancient Greek mythology that Hera sent to torment Io, who had been won in her heifer form by Zeus.[citation needed] Euripides used oestrus to indicate 'frenzy', and to describe madness. Homer used the word to describe panic. Plato also used it to refer to an irrational drive and to describe the soul "driven and drawn by the gadfly of desire". Somewhat more closely aligned to current meaning and usage of estrus, Herodotus (Histories, ch. 93.1) uses oîstros to describe the desire of fish to spawn.The queen can be bred at any time while in heat. Cats are induced ovulators, which means that the act of breeding stimulates the release of eggs from the ovaries. Most females require three to four matings within a 24-hour period for ovulation to occur. It only takes a minute or two for cats to mate, and cats may mate multiple times in a short period of time. Queens may mate with several different tomcats during this time, so it is possible that a litter of kittens may have several different fathers. Once ovulation has occurred, the queen will go out of heat within a day or two.On a Linguistic note the word bastard used for an "illegitimate child," could come from B',s-t, Bast, the Egyptian cat goddess and also a city, better known by its later name P-Ubastis `Place of Bast'. The Oxford Dictionary of Etymology derives the word bastard from Old French bast, `pack saddle' + a perjorative noun formation, ultimately based on Greek bastazein "to bear". It doesn't seem unreasonable to suppose the Greek word to be etymologically connected to the name of the goddess. It probably became derogatry to have meant `born of Bast' in other words one conceived during a festival of Ubasti. The ancient festival of free love her festivals twice a year, named the greater and the lesser where no children were allowed, when lion-hunting was forbidden were attended by all members of society in their thousands, who arrived from afar by caravan, on foot and by barge. The festivals was especially riotous and licentious which it is written included obscene comments and gestures from some women. The given etymology fro the French "packsaddle son," offered to mean a child conceived on an improvised bed because saddles often doubled as beds while traveling, seems a bit far fetched to me.


Shen signifies the ring of eternal protection.
In ancient Egypt a shen ring was a circle with a line tangent to it, represented in hieroglyphs as a stylised loop of a rope. The word shen itself in ancient Egyptian, means encircle, while the shen ring represented eternal protection. In its elongated form the shen ring became the cartouche, which enclosed and protected a royal name.
For Eternity, the renpit, papyrus stalk is usually based on top of a Shen ring. See the Egyptian god Huh, personification of infinity or eternity in the Ogdoad (Senusret I has a famous Lintel relief showing this.) The shen ring is often attached to various types of staffs, the staff of authority, or power, symbolizing the Eternal authority of that power. The Goddess Isis, and the Goddess Nekhbet are often shown kneeling, with their hands resting upon a shenu. The Hawk (Horus), and the Vulture (Goddess Mut) have the shenu in their talons, wings outstretched, over the scene portrayed.Nekhbet was the tutelary deity of Upper Egypt. Nekhbet and her Lower Egyptian counterpart Wadjet often appeared together as the "Two Ladies". One of the titles of each ruler was the Nebty name, which began with the hieroglyphs for [s/he] of the Two Ladies.

In Egyptian art, Nekhbet is an early predynastic local goddess in Egyptian mythology, who was the patron of the city of Nekheb (her name meaning of Nekheb). Ultimately, she became the patron of Upper Egypt and one of the two patron deities (alongside Wadjet) for all of Ancient Egypt when it was unifiedNekhbet was depicted as a vulture resembeling the lappet-faced vulture or Nubian vulture an Old World Vulture belonging to the bird order which includes eagles, kites, buzzards and hawks. One of Egypt's earliest temples was the shrine of Nekhbet at Nekheb (also referred to as El Kab). It was the companion city to Nekhen, the religious and political capital of Upper Egypt, at the end of the Predynastic period (c. 3200–3100 BC) and probably, also during the Early Dynastic Period (c. 3100–2686 BC).[2] The original settlement on the Nekhen site dates from Naqada I or the late Badarian cultures. At its height, from about 3400 BC, Nekhen had at least 5,000 and possibly as many as 10,000 inhabitants. In New Kingdom times, the vulture appeared alongside the uraeus on the headdresses with which kings were buried. The uraeus and vulture are traditionally interpreted as Wadjet and Nekhbet. Nekhbet usually was depicted hovering, with her wings spread above the royal image, clutching a shen symbol (representing eternal encircling protection), frequently in her claws. The scientific name is Greek, meaning "Cartilage-eared Vulture".The lappet-faced vulture is a huge species, ranking as the longest and largest winged vulture in its range. They are the most powerful and aggressive of the African vultures, and other vultures will usually cede a carcass to the lappet-faced vulture if it decides assert itself.



Geese are very territorial and protective, so they hiss at humans or other animals who get too close to their nests and babies. The Egyptian hieroglyph: Goose: phonogram gb (in Geb god);. determinative/log of bird; ... sȝ, sȝt (G39) phon sa; det/log son; pintail duck.Egyptian hieroglyph: Duck: phonogram sa;. determinative/log son; pintail duck (Anas acuta). 1/8 aroura. Component in: Hieroglyph egyptian-Sa- ..The Sia (hieroglyph) was also used to represent "to perceive", "to know" or "to be cognizant". probably equivalent to the intellectual energies of the heart of Ptah in the Memphite cosmogeny..

The Sa symbol was a symbol of protection and physical life and used in amulets, talismans and fetishes. A fetish was an object that was believed to embody the magical powers of a particular spirit, such as Taweret and Bes, and used to create a bond between the mortal and supernatural world. A fetish represented the spirit to it's owner and acted as a means of protection, like an amulet or talisman, believed to embody magical powers and offer magical protection. Beautiful, stylized versions of the Sa fetish were also created for female members or children of the royal family. The 'Sa symbol' was one of the lesser known Egyptian Symbols favored by pregnant women and by mothers to shield their young children against evil. The 'Sa symbol' was often depicted with images of the Bes who was the ultimate "protector of the vulnerable." In Jungian psychology, a psychopomp which acts as a mediator between the unconscious and conscious realms. It is symbolically personified in dreams as a wise man or woman, or sometimes as a helpful beast.

Etymology defines psycho-pomp as a "guide or conductor of spirits or souls to the other world," Psycho-pomp is from the Greek psykho-pompos which translates to "spirit-guide," a term that applied in their culture to Charon, Hermes Trismegistos, Apollo, etc. Greek breaks down psykhē to mean "the soul, mind, spirit," however In Jungian psychology, the psychopomp is a mediator between the unconscious and conscious realms. Jung's definition clarifies the Greek meaning of psyche by fixing the word to 'mind,' so when one looks at the English word 'pomp' attached to psycho, from the Greek word 'pompos' meaning "guide, conductor, escort, messenger," to relate to a "guide, conductor, escort, messenger," between the conscious and unconscious 'mind.' 

The word pompos is associated to the ancient Greek verb 'pempein' which is of unknown origin, meaning "to send, dispatch, guide, accompany," but I don't think it helps for the word 'pempein' has no IE etymology, nor does it show characteristics of loanwords or Pre-Greek vocabulary. 

However there is the Greek onomatopoeic word "βόμβος (bómbos,) which is said to signify any loud deep, hollow booming sound like a drum makes, or a hissing, humming, buzzing sound an animal makes, or a rumbling thundering sound that natural phenomena make not forgetting the imitative sounds the human voice can make. This etymology compares with Lithuanian bim̃balas, Latvian bam̃bals,Russian бу́бен (búben, “tambourine”), Albanian bubullimë, and Old Norse bumla.  

The verb Bombinate means to make a sound which has the quality of a rapid vibration, a reverberating sound, like when making a droning, humming, hissing, or even a whisper sound. The words bumble, bombastic, blowhard and bombard, all appear to trace back to this Greek word bómbos. Bombos I posit represents the sound or imitation of a natural sound or phenomenon that reverberates or vibrates or resonates thus creating the emotion or defining the action; whereas onomatopoeia are the words that are formed to describe and express the emotions and ideas created by the 'bombos.' Here, to support my theory that the root meaning of the word Bom-bos is not the accepted 'guide' or 'messenger' but rather a hypnotic trans inducing vibrating resonating sound, I bring to light the 11th century lexicographer Papias glosses, where he offers the following synonyms for bombināre ("to utter abuse against, scold, revile"), all three meanings suggest a voice or sounds that are booming and out of control.
This word bombos is described as something heard and deeply felt, like a loud explosive sound (the kind we could refer to as “booming”.) The Latin base is bombīre or bombilāre which offers sounds like "hiss, buzz, hum." Latin speakers rendered the original Greek form as bombus not bombos. 

Bom-bos/bes/bis is a sound that stops us dead in our tracks, like when we hear rustling in the bushes just off the trail.  The mysterious boom that rattled me. Which is in essence onomatopoeic natural.

A sound that puts one into a trance. The shamans enter a trance and or place or help one into a trance state through fast rhythmic drumming techniques. This condition is often described by practicing shamans as an inner journey into a kind of extended consciousness, leading to inner knowledge, clarity or insight. This altered state is accompanied by the suppression of external stimuli, such as unwanted external sounds. For thousands and thousands of years, shamans have used sound to alter states of consciousness. 

Becoming aware of your inner universe and subconscious thought patterns can aid in your understanding of which sensory inputs are helping you and which are harming you. This awareness will help you make decisions that align with your highest potential.Various sensory inputs create different patterns in your brain frequencies and thoughts. Learn what situations create greater calm and coherence, and which create disharmony, unease or chaotic confusion.”

Greek πομπός is also a transmitter. For example Om Mani Padme Humm is a popular Buddhist chant that can invoke compassion, release burdensome emotions, and create inner harmony. 

Jung obviously understood the Greek psykhe, to mean the mind, an animating entity which occupies the physical body which he divided into the unconscious and conscious realms. That about sums the way we understand the word today.